small allowance for board. His economy was such that from these wages he contrived to lay up money; having accumulated the sum of seventy-five pounds, he found a friend who imported for him a press and a few types, the cost of which exceeded the sum he had saved about one hundred dollars. With these materials he opened a printing house, and by persevering industry and economy was soon enabled to discharge the debt he had contracted for his press and types, and to open a book store. Eventually he acquired a large fortune.

1761. GARRAT NOEL, "near the Meal Market," afterwards "next door to the Merchant's Coffee-House." He was a publisher, and dealt largely, for a bookseller of that time, in imported books and stationery. After he had been in business a number of years, Ebenezer Hazard became his partner, under the firm of Noel & Hazard.

1761. RIVINGTON & BROWN," Hanover-Square." After a lapse of several years this partnership was dissolved, and the business was continued by

JAMES RIVINGTON, who dealt largely in books and stationery. He commenced printing in 1773.

1765. JOHN HOLT, "Broad-Street, near the Exchange;" his principal business was printing, but he sold books several years.

1768. NICHOLAS BOGART, "near Oswego-Market," sold Dutch books, and published a Dutch version of the Psalms, &c.

1759. ROBERT MACALPINE, "book-binder, in Beaver Street;" he also sold books.

1772. NOEL & HAZARD. Garrat Noel entered into partnership with Ebenezer Hazard; they dealt largely in books and stationery.

1773. SAMUEL LOUDON, "at his shop on Hunter's-Quay," was not brought up to bookselling; but about this time he commenced the business, and afterwards that of printing.

1774. VALENTINE NUTTER, "opposite the Coffee-House Bridge," bookbinder and bookseller.

PHILADELPHIA.

1692. WILLIAM BRADFORD, sold pamphlets and other small articles.

1718. Andrew BRADFORD, "sign of the Bible, in SecondStreet." He was also a printer and binder.

1718. JOHN COPSON, bookseller, but dealt chiefly in other goods; he was concerned with Andrew Bradford in the first newspaper which was published in Pennsylvania.

1729. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, "in Market-Street." He likewise was a printer and binder.

1741. ALEXANDER ANNARD, "in Second Street, near the Church."

1742. WILLIAM BRADFORD, the younger, "in SecondStreet."

1742. JOHN BARKLEY " at the Sign of the Bible in SecondStreet; from Great Britain."

1742. JAMES REED, "next door to the Post-Office, in Market-Street."

1742. JOSEPH GOODWIN, "in Second-Street, near BlackHorse Alley." He afterwards, removed into Blackhorse alley. Goodwin was from England, and was a bookseller, binder, and stationer. It appears that he was a considerable dealer.

1743. STEPHEN POTTS. "at the Bible and Crown, in Front-Street."

1743. J. SCHUPPEY, "at the Sign of the Book in Strawberry-Alley;" he was a binder, and sold a few books. It is probable that he was a German.

1743. CORNELIA BRADFORD, " in Second-Street."

1748. DAVID HALL, "in Market-Street." He was a printer, and the partner of Franklin; he dealt largely in books and stationery.

1755. HENRY SANDY, "Lætitia-Court." 1757. WILLIAM DUNLAP, "in Market-Street." Dunlap was bred to printing, which business he followed, but dealt somewhat extensively as a bookseller. About 1767 he removed to Virginia, and settled there as a minister of the church of England.

1758. BLACK HARRY, "in Lætitia-Court," was a binder, and sold small books, &c.

1759. ANDREW STEUART, "Lætitia-Court;" but removed in 1762, to "the Bible-in-Heart, in Second-Street." He was a printer and a dealer in pamphlets.

1760. JAMES RIVINGTON, "in Second-Street," by his agent who became his partner the following year.

1761. RIVINGTON & BROWN," in Second-Street," but they some time after took another stand. They were both from England. Rivington soon after opened bookstores in New York and Boston; and resided at New York.

1763. ZACHARIAH POULSON," Sign of the Bible in SecondStreet between Arch and Race Streets." He was a bookbinder, bookseller and stationer. This Mr. Poulson who was the father of the proprietor of the American Daily Advertiser, was a native of Copenhagen; he arrived in Philadelphia in 1749, when he was at the age of twelve years. Soon after he became an apprentice to the first Christopher Sower, of Germantown, of whom he learned printing. He was an excellent workman and a very respectable citizen. In the latter part of his life he kept a stationer's shop in Second Street, above Arch street. He died January 14, 1804, aged 67, and was buried in the Moravian cemetery, Philadelphia.

1764. WILLIAM SELLERS, "in Arch-Street, between Second and Third Streets;" he was a printer and bookseller, from England, and became the partner of David Hall.

1764. SAMUEL TAYLOR, "at the Book-in-hand, corner of

Market and Water streets." He carried on bookbinding

and bookselling.

1765. WOODHOUSE & DEAN. This connection lasted less than a year. Dean died, and Woodhouse continued business on his own account.

1766. JOHN DUNLAP, "in Market-Street," succeeded to the printing and bookselling business of William Dunlap. 1766. ROBERT BELL, "at the Union-Library, in Third Street," in 1770. He was from Ireland; became a printer and was celebrated as a book auctioneer.

1766. WILLIAM WOODHOUSE, in Front-Street, near Chesnut-Street;" afterwards "near Market street, at the Bible and Crown." He was a binder and bookseller. He began business with Dean. He. established in 1782, a slate and slate pencil manufactory, then the only one in the United States. In 1791, he began printing. He died December 28, 1795, and was succeeded by his son of the

same name.

1767. LEWIS NICOLA, "in Second street, removed in 1768, to Market Street. He published a magazine, kept a circulating library, and sold books.

1768.- TAGGERT, was a very considerable vender of imported books. He also dealt in English and Scotch goods.

1768. JOHN SPARHAWK, " at the London Bookstore, Market-Street;" afterwards "at the Unicorn and Mortar, in Second-Street." He published several books. His widow continued the business.

1768. JOHN ANDERTON, "at the London Bookstore, in Second-Street." He was from England; and, was a binder, letter case and pocketbook maker, and, as such, first began business in New York. He sometimes advertised books for sale in his own name, and at other times as connected with Sparhawk.

1768. ROGER BOWMAN, merchant, sold books on consignment from Great Britain.

1768. ROGER BOWMAN, "in Second-Street near the Market." He had a good assortment of books for sale.

1769. ROBERT AITKEN, commenced bookselling in Front street; he was from Scotland, to which country he returned in 1770; but in 1771, came back to Philadelphia; and in 1795, removed to, and opened a bookstore and printing house" in Market Street," near Front street. He was an excellent binder.

1770. CRUKSHANK AND COLLINS, "in Third Street," were a short time partners as printers and booksellers. Afterwards

JOSEPH CRUKSHANK, opened his printing house and a bookstore in Market street.

1770. JAMES STEUART," in Second-Street, between Chesnut and Walnut streets," from Glasgow, shopkeeper, sold Scotch editions on commission.

1770. SEMPLE AND BUCHANAN, "in Front-Street;" shopkeepers, from Scotland, sold Scotch editions on commission. Semple afterwards sold books and British goods.

1771. ROBERT MACGILL, "Corner of Lætitia Court," binder and bookseller. He removed to Second street, below Market street. He left Philadelphia in 1778, and went to New York.

1771. JOHN MACGIBBONS, "in Front-Street, between Arch and Race Streets." Not largely in trade. He republished Josephus's works in four volumes, octavo.

1771. Samuel DELLAP," in Front-Street, between Market and Arch-Streets;" he kept a book and print shop. At one time he resided at the corner of Third and Chestnut streets. He often sold books at auction.

1773. WILLIAM TRICHET, an Englishman, bound and sold books, at No. 5 South Front street. He was in business

about eight years.