learned in the philology of the English tongue, It has been suggested to me lately by a friend, that we have in bewray a derivative of A.-S. wreón (urión, urihan), tegere, celare, velare, with OLD BANK-NOTES.-I have some old bank-notes prefix be- used as a privative-the form biureien, lying before me of the last century and beginning to disclose, being influenced by the derivatives of of this, some for one pound, which are not un- the wholly different wrégan. This, I think, would common; other for five guineas, and for half be a probable explanation, were it not that we find guineas-of Sheffield, Bath, Shepton Mallet, in A.-S. and M.E. the forms bewreon, bewrihan Exeter, and other country banks. The half-guinea (see Grein, Stratmann), meaning "operire," while notes have "Ten shillings and sixpence" in the in M.E. unurihen has the sense of "aperire" (see

Morris, Specimens of Early English, pt. i., glos-
sary). I still ask, therefore, what is the etymology
of bewray?
A. L. MAYHEW.
Oxford.

"THE LADIES CALLING."-This book, which was first printed at Oxford in 1673 under the sanction of Dr. Fell, appeared as "by the author of The Whole Duty of Man." I have a fine copy, bound in black morocco, with gilt edges, and very beautiful gilding on the sides and back. The lettering is remarkable, for in place of having, as might be expected, the title of the book, it bears in large letters, "Eliz. Scudamore, 1673." John Scudamore, of Holme Lacy, who was created a baronet in 1620, and a viscount in 1628, died in 1671. He was a great friend of Bishop Laud, and was a very studious and pious man. Lord Scudamore married at a very early age Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Sir Arthur Porter, Knt. I do not know whether Lady Scudamore survived her husband; if she did, this copy of The Ladies Calling probably belonged to her. The mode of thus lettering it is, however, so unusual, and looks so little like mere evidence of ownership and so much more like presumed authorship, that it seems to suggest the question, Has the writing of the book ever been attributed to her?

EDWARD SOLLY.

"AN ESSAY ON THE ART OF INGENIOUSLY TORMENTING," &c., London, 1753, 8vo.-Allibone, in his Dictionary, inserts

"Miss Jane Collier, Art of Tormenting, 1753. 4to. New edition entitled The Art of Ingeniously Tormenting, with Proper Rules for the Exercise of that agreeable Study London, 1804. 8vo. What a subject for a lady's pen!" I have the editions both of 1753 and 1757, but both in 8vo. Who was Miss Jane Collier, and is she known to be the author of any other works, as The Art of Ingeniously Tormenting does not bear the impress of being a maiden effort?

F. W. C.

THE ROOD LOFT.-Is there any church in England wherein the rood loft of olden days yet exists in all its glory? I mean with the figure of our Lord crucified and the images of Mary and John, as they were called in common parlance. If not, is there any church in England wherein the rood loft exists together with the rood? I shall be greatly obliged for any information.

EDMUND WATERTON.

SIR ROBERT PASTON, BART., of Oxnead, co. Norfolk, Earl of Yarmouth some years after the Restoration.-Can any reader furnish the name of the wife of the above (Clayton possibly), as well as the names and number of his children living between 1670 and 1680; also the particulars of any marriages they may have contracted? In 1671 Sir Robert is known by the inquirer to have had at

WINSTANLEY FAMILY.-The meritorious portrait-painter and engraver, Hamlet Winstanley, is stated by Walpole, in his Catalogue of Engravers, to have been the son of Henry Winstanley, the projector and builder of the first two Eddystone Lighthouses; and in one of the "Additional Notes" says he was buried at Warrington, in Lancashire, May 20, 1761, aged sixty-one years. Cates, on the contrary, followed by other biographical writers, says he was born in 1695. Now it is clearly recorded by Walpole, in the above-named work, that Henry, the father (a native of Walden), was appointed clerk of the works to the Royal Palace of Audley End in 1695, and to the same position in regard to that of Newmarket in 1700. I have, however, searched in vain for any baptismal entry or other record of his birth in the registers of Walden and Littlebury, where he had built a good house. Those of Newmarket prove equally silent. Can any of your readers supply the place and the date? Again, the parentage and birth of William Winstanley, who wrote The Honour of Merchant-Taylours, England's Worthies, Lives of the most Eminent English Poets, and other works, der, Grainger, or Bromley. Is there nothing are not related by Walpole, Bryant, Cates, Maunwhatever known but the supposition of Walpole

that he had been a barber?

H. ECROYD SMITH. [See "N. & Q.," 5th S. viii. 404, for a paper on Hamlet

Winstanley by MR. GEO. SCHARF.]

ANTHOLOGIA HIBERNICA; or, Monthly Collections of Science, Belles-Lettres, and History.This publication was founded in Dublin in the beginning of 1793. How long did it continue? I have vol. i., January to June. It was a highclass publication, containing some excellent enfull of hope. There was a list of subscribers pubgravings. The "advertisement" to that volume is lished in the volume. CORNELIUS WALFORD.

ANCIENT SCOTCH COLONY IN FRANCE.-I ask for information about an ancient Scotch colony at St. Martin d'Auxigny, near Bourges, dating from about 1422, which numbers about 3,000 souls. What names and families are to be found, and what is its history? SCOTUS.

THE NATIONAL SONGS OF SERVIA AND MONTENEGRO.-If any of your correspondents can answer the following questions I shall be obliged. 1. What is the title of the German translation published by Mrs. Robinson under the name of Talvi, at Halle in 1825, of the Servian national songs collected by Vook Stephanovich Karadgich? 2. Has this work been translated into English; if so, by whom; and

miss

iss Prola

that renewed inscription had also become worn away, the same member of that Gilpin family ordered me to supersede the previous inscription by engraving on the plain surface below JOHN GILPIN in as large characters as possible. The peculiar conspicuousness of the gravestone, and perhaps the old-fashioned style of the engraving, may have caused the illusion to which I have referred, as well as one preceding it by some years, the particulars of which were given by me ten years ago in the following letter, which was published in the Morning Advertiser:

St. Margaret's, Westminster.

To the Editor of the Morning Advertiser.

5th Nov., 1872. SIR, A cleverly written article in the Saturday Review of Oct. 9th on the contemplated restoration of St. Margaret's Church, contains a flagrant error, the refutation of which has not appeared either in its own pages, nor, as far as I know, in any other journal or periodical. Towards the end of the article the writer refers to the lasting impression made upon the memory of the poet Cowper by the incident of a skull being thrown up at his feet by a gravedigger in St. Margaret's Churchyard. The fact is mentioned by the poet in his autobiography. The writer then adds:-" A less gloomy cause of speculation may still be found in the same graveyard. A stone not far from the south aisle is marked in rapidly fading characters with a name which Cowper has for ever commemorated. The burial-place of Mr. John Gilpin was then probably fresh and new; the name, now so famous in every nursery, had then been but lately cut upon the stone; and, though the fact has never been noticed by the poet's numerous biographers, we may well believe that it was in this place he received the first impression of an idea which he afterwards so pleasantly worked out for generations of happy children."

Now the Life of Cowper contains no allusion to such a stone, nor the reality of such a person as John Gilpin, The hero of the poem was a citizen of London, and most probably was an entirely imaginary character, suggested to the poet by Lady Austen. (See the biographical introduction to Macmillan's Globe edition of Cowper's Works.)

Mr. John Gilpin, whose name is fading from memory as well as from the stone in question, was a most respectable licensed victualler, carrying on for many years a successful business at the Mitre and Dove, which still stands at the corner of King Street, Westminster. He was buried beneath this stone. The whole of the inscription remains fairly legible on minute inspection even yet, although nearly worn away :-"Mr. John Gilpin a native of Teignmouth, Devon, and many years an inhabitant of this Parish, died Feb. 27, 1838" (age illegible). Beneath is engraved in large capitals the name, so that when the proper inscription shall wholly disappear, the stone may for many years be iden

tified.

It is to be feared that the reviewer has been imposed upon by a hoax, or that he has accepted too readily the rash conclusion of some informant. If he had looked into the Rev. Mackenzie Walcott's work on St. Margaret's (to which he alludes somewhat disparagingly earlier in the article), or if he had made inquiries of the worthy parish clerk, who was almost a next-door neighbour of the said Mr. John Gilpin, this egregious blunder would not have been made.-I am, Sir, yours, &c.,

AN OLD FELLOW PARISHIONER OF MR.
JOHN GILPIN.

I trust that after this statement shall have been added to your annals there will never again be a question raised on the subject of this gravestone, whatever may be said or conjectured as to the reality of the hero of Cowper's Journey to Edmonton. AN OLD INHABITANT.

THE ALLEN MYSTERY (6th S. v. 485).—While by no means desirous of reopening a discussion in which so many abler pens have been enengaged, I should yet like to draw attention to the fact that the eminent and learned antiquary, Dr. Doran, F.S.A., states, in his very interesting work entitled London in the Jacobite Times (vol. ii. p. 391), that Lieut. Thomas Allen (called in the will of Admiral John Carter Allen "third lieutenant in His Majesty's navy ") had, by his marriage with Katherine Manning, daughter of the Vicar of Godalming, "two sons, John Hay Allen and Charles Stuart Allen "; not, as FACTS NOT FICTION writes, John Carter Allen and Charles Manning Allen. Of Lieut. Thomas Allen having had a daughter Dr. Doran makes no mention. In the same work (vol. ii. pp. 391-2) it is stated that Lieut. Thomas Allen, who "seems to have been much on and about the Western isles of Scotland as well as on the mainland," died "about the year 1831," and that he

"must have revealed previously a secret to his sons, who, in such case, kept it long under consideration, till, probably out of filial respect for his veracity, they manifested their belief in the revelation, and, in 1847, declared themselves to be, the elder, John Sobieski Stolberg Stuart; the younger, Charles Edward Stuart. Their father, Lieutenant Thomas Allen, son of the old Admiral of the White, must have imparted to them the not uninteresting circumstance that he was the legitimate son of the young Chevalier, and that all faithful Scots and Jacobites had yet a King."

I may also mention that while FACTS NOT FICTION states the date of the publication of Tales of the Last Century; or, Sketches of the Romance of History between the Years 1746 and 1846, to have been 1846, Dr. Doran mentions 1847 as the date of its appearance. Lastly, as to FACTS NOT FICTION's question, "What became of John Carter (=John Hay), brother of Thomas (Allen)?" Regarding this gentleman, who was known as the Chevalier Stuart, or as the Comte d'Albanie, the author of London in the Jacobite Times writes that, in 1872, he, "the most eminent personage of this latest Jacobite time, disappeared from the scene."

If FACTS NOT FICTION will refer to the work from which I have quoted, he will, I feel sure, guin much valuable information therefrom.

Ludlow.

CHARLES J. DAVIES.

John Allen, the youngest son of Admiral John Carter Allen, was born in 1774, entered the royal navy Feb. 12, 1787, and was present at the capture

"Admiral John Allen, youngest son of the late Admiral John Carter Allen, died 4th June, 1853, in his 80th year. Also Jane Hester, the beloved wife of the above John Allen, died 20th Decr. 1859, aged 76. Thy will be done."

of St. Domingo, where he was wounded Nov. 25, that hunts, nor is a smoking-room the same thing 1793. He became a captain April 29, 1802, a as a room that smokes. Therefore the word in rear-admiral August 17, 1840, and an admiral-ing is not No. 3 in hunting-watch and smokNov. 9, 1846. His death took place at Torpoint, ing-room, and I think the same reasoning will Cornwall, June 4, 1853, and he was buried at St. apply to the other cases. It is either No. 1 John's, where in the church a monument bears the or No. 2. If the new expressions can be following inscription:taken as any evidence as to the grammatical quality of the older ones, then these forms in -ing are verbal substantives, . e. infinitives, rather than simple nouns substantive, because all the new forms seem based on the infinitive. The actual forms which PROF. ATTWELL has observed, row-boat, tow-path, smoke-room, and also those forms which he has made up on the same pattern, sail-boats, ride-horses, box-gloves, are all easier to explain from the infinitive forms to row, tow, smoke, sail, ride, box, than on any other hypothesis. I do not, however, maintain that this is so; my only contention is that they cannot be J. EARLE. verbal adjectives.

The issue of the marriage were Rodney V. Allen,
a retired major of the Royal Marine Light Infantry,
another son in New Zealand, and a daughter in
Jersey.
GEORGE C. BOASE.

15, Queen Anne's Gate, S.W

I had the honour of the friendship for several years of the late Charles Edward Stuart, whose wife was a Beresford (father of the Count Charles Edward who married Lady Alice Hay), and have no doubt whatsoever that he was the great-grandson of Prince Charles Edward. Amongst my collections I have a remarkable and very beautiful miniature on vellum of the latter, which the Count d'Albanie often inspected, together with a life-size oil-painting of Henry Benedict, Cardinal of York; and on more than one or two occasions he not only implied, but distinctly stated, his relationship. "My great-grandfather," 'my great-uncle," were expressions which could only have one meaning. The " one aged man alive at Forres" has no more doubt than myself of the fact; as some who attended the funeral of the Count can well and truly testify.

A LONDON CLERGYMAN.

THE VERBAL ADJECTIVE IN ING (6th S. v. 426). Under this heading PROF. ATTWELL makes a remonstrance against the expressions row-boat, smoke-room, tow-path, in place of those compounds which bear the acknowledged stamp of propriety, rowing-boat, smoking-room, towing-path. He regards the curtailed forms as "slang contractions," which are native to the mouth of bargees and the like, but have been adopted by gentlemen of sporting tastes. I agree entirely with PROF. ATTWELL, so far as regards the probable history of this innovation, which I also have observed with curiosity and attention. But when he describes the change 89 a growing tendency to drop from certain verbal adjectives the ending -ing," I find that I differ from him in the matter of grammatical diagnosis. The termination -ing has three powers in English: 1. Substantive, as "There's good hunting to be had down there"; 2. Old flectional infinitive, as "He likes hunting the hare better than minding his business"; 3. The participle present or verbal adjective, as A hunting man." Now, a hunting man is a man who hunts, but when we speak of a hunting-watch we do not mean a watch

The book is quite perfect and in a good state of preservation. It is one volume of what at one time must have been a very valuable collection of books left to this parish, chiefly by a Mr. Bates. Like so many other similar collections, these books were going to decay in a damp room over the vestry of the parish church, but the present vicar has had them removed to his house, and now, happily, they are safe. The book is dedicated to the queen, and it is amusing to read the authoress's defence for undertaking such a work, for being so unwomanly as to know Saxon, and she states that she is the "first woman who had ventured to converse with that language" since it was current. Besides the Homily the volume contains several letters from St. Gregory to St. Augustine, Queen Bertha, &c., and some account of the way in which St. Gregory looked upon St. Peter's position among the Apostles, and his position as St. Peter's successor. Whilst on this subject I may mention that the collection of books contains a valuable Chaucer, and the works of Euclid translated by John Dee, "written at my poor house at Mortlake, anno 1570, Feb. 9." This volume is quite perfect, and, like the former, was given to the parish library by Peter Cowper, vicar in 1733. A former pupil of mine made a complete catalogue of the books of this collection, and I have no doubt the vicar would allow any one to see it who might be desirous of knowing

own