or subsessile, narrow. Pedicels 1-flowered, drooping before the expansion of the flower; when in flower erect, but afterwards reflexed. A. Leaves alternate, without Stipules. 22 23. H. Fumana Mill. The Fumana Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Mill. Dict., No. 6.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 307. Synonymes. Cistus Fumana Lin. Sp, 740, Jacq. Aust., t. 252.; Cistus hùmilis, seu Chamacistus Erica folio luteus erectior Bauh. Pin., 466., Magn. Bot., 69. Engraving. Jacq. Aust., t. 252.; Swt. Cist., t. 16.; and our fig. 72. Varieties. De Candolle distinguishes three forms of this species: H. F. major, H. F. minor, and H. F. virgata. Spec. Char., &c. Stem branched, twisted, rather diffuse, erectish; lower branches procumbent. Leaves alternate, linear, with pilose, roughish, rather involute margins; lower leaves short, crowded, upper ones scattered and longer. Peduncles solitary, 1-flowered, rarely rameal, usually almost opposite the leaves, or terminal, longer than the leaves. Capsules open, naked. (Don's Mill., i. p. 307.) A shrub I ft. high, a native of the south of France, of Switzerland, Italy, Spain, and Portugal; and cultivated in England since the year 1752. It flowers in June and July, and is distinguished by its heath-like leaves and ovate petals. It is a very desirable species for growing in pots, or for the south side of rockwork. Sweet says it is often confused with H. procumbens, but is readily distinguished when both are growing together. The true H. Fumana was in the Chelsea Botanic Garden in 1825. 24. H. PROCU'MBENS Dun. The procumbent Heath-like Helianthemum, Identification. Dun. ined., and Dec. Prod., 1. p. 275.; Swt. Cist., t. 68.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 317. Spec. Char., &c. Stem procumbent, branched. Branches elongated, younger ones hoary. Leaves alternate, linear, rather lax, with the margins pilose, as well as the under surface; strigose. Peduncles almost axillary, shorter than the leaves. Capsules open, bearing the seeds. (Don's Mill., i. p. 307.) A native of the south of France, Italy, and Tauria; and cultivated in the Chelsea Botanic Garden in 1825, where it produced its small yellow flowers from June to August. Uses and culture as in the preceding species. B. Leaves alternate, stipulate. 25. H. ARA BICUM Pers. The Arabian Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 80.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 307. Synonymes. Cistus arábicus Lin Sp., 745., Smith's Fl. Græc., t. 503.; Cistus ferrugineus Lam. Dict., 2. p. 25.; Cistus Savi Bertol.; H. viscidulum Stev. Engravings. Swt. Cist., t. 97.; Smith's Fl. Græc., t. 503. Spec. Char., &c. Stem hairy, ascendent. Branches twiggy, leaves alternate, linear-oblong, hairy, almost sessile. Peduncles solitary, 1-flowered, almost opposite the leaves, rameal or terminal. Calyxes hairy. (Don's Mill., i. p. 307.) A native of Arabia, Spain, and Italy, where it is a trailing shrub, seldom exceeding half a foot in height; though it acquires double that height in British gardens, where it produces its yellow flowers in June and July. It was introduced before 1826, as plants of it flowered in that year in the Chelsea Botanic Garden. 26. H. LEVIPES Willd. The smooth-ped uncled Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Willd. Enum., 570.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 307. Synonymes. Cistus læ'vipes Lin. Sp., 739., Jacq. Hort. Schönb., t. 158., Cav. Icon., 2. p. 56. t. 173., Ger. Gallo-Prov., p. 294. No. 6. t. 14. Engravings. Swt. Cist., t. 24.; Jacq. Schönb., t. 158.; Cav. Icon., 2. t. 173.; Jacq. Ger. Gallo-Prov., t. 14. Spec. Char., &c. Stem ascendent. Leaves stipulate, setaceous, glaucous, smoothish. Buds leafy, axillary. Stipules long, filiform. Peduncles long, disposed in secund racemes. Pedicels glabrous, and bracteate at the base. Calyxes hairy. (Don's Mill., i. p.307.) A native of the south of Provence, Spain, and Dalmatia, on rocks exposed to the sun, where it forms an undershrub 1 ft. in height, and produces its yellow flowers from June to August. It is an elegant little plant, but rather tender during winter. Plants of it were in Mr. Colvill's Nursery in 1825. C. Leaves opposite and alternate, furnished with Stipules. 27. H. LÆ`VE Pers. The smooth Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 78.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 307. Engravings. Cav. Icon., 2. t. 145. f. í. Spec. Char., &c. Stem erectish, glabrous, branched. Branches erect. Leaves linear, sessile, glabrous, with revolute margins, keeled, opposite; upper ones alternate, stipulate. Stipules long, awl shaped. Peduncles solitary, 1-flowered, subterminal. Calyxes smooth. (Don's Mill., 1. p. 307.) Found wild on the hills of Spain, and raised in England from seeds sent to the Chelsea Botanic Garden in 1826. It grows 1 ft. high, and produces its yellow flowers in June and July. 28. H. vI'RIDE Tenore. The green-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Tenor. Prod. Fl. Neap., p. 31.; Don's Mill., 1. p. SOS. Spec. Char., &c. Stem ascendent, glabrous. Leaves opposite, linear, with revolute margins, glabrous, green, somewhat mucronate, stipulate. Stipules awl-shaped, much smaller than the leaves. Peduncles racemose, beset with clammy hairs, as well as the calyx. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) Introduced from Sicily in 1825, where it is a shrub 1 ft. in height, producing yellow flowers in June and July. 29. H. JUNIPERINUM Lag. The Juniper-like Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Lag. in. Litt., and Dec. Prod., 1. p. 275.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 308. Engraving. Barrel. Icon., t. 443. Spec. Char. &c. Stem ascendent, branched. Leaves linear awl-shaped, ciliated, mucronate, flat, with rather revolute margins, opposite; upper leaves alternate. Stipules awl-shaped, upper ones longest. Peduncles racemose, and are, as well as the calyxes, clothed with clammy hairs. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) A shrub 1 ft. in height, introduced from the south of Europe in 1800, and producing its yellow flowers from June to August, 30. H. BARRELIE`RI Tenore. Barrelier's Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Tenor. Prod. Fl. Neap., p. 31.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 308. Engravings. Barrel. Icon. rar., 416.; Bot. Mag., t. 2371. Spec. Char, &c. Stem erect. Branches villously pubescent. Leaves linear-oblong, narrowed at the base, pubescent, with revolute and ciliated margins, opposite; upper leaves alternate. Stipules linear awl-shaped, mucronate, erect. Peduncles racemose, few-flowered, and are, as well as the calyxes, beset with clammy hairs. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) Found wild in Italy and Spain, where it grows 1 ft. high. It was introduced in 1820, and produces yellow flowers from June to August. It is rather tender. 31. H. THYMIFO`LIUM Pers. The Thyme-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 79.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 308. Synonymes. Cistus thymifolius Lin. Sp., 743., Smith's Fl. Græc., t. 500., Barrel. Icon, rar., t. 444. ; Spec. Char., &c. Stems procumbent. Branches pubescent. Leaves almost linear, very short, pubescent, opposite, upper ones alternate. Stipules mucronate, erect. Peduncles few-flowered, clothed with clammy hairs. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) A native of Spain, which has been in cultivation in British gardens since 1658. It is a pretty little dwarf thyme-looking plant, and produces abundance of small bright yellow flowers from June to August; and it often ripens seeds. It is one of the most desirable of the Cistaceæ for being kept in pots. 32. H. GLUTINO'SUM Pers. The clammy Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 79.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 308. Synonyme. Cistus glutinòsus Lin. Mant., 246. Engravings. Swt. Ĉist., t. 83.; Barrel. Icon. rar., 512. t. 415.?; Cav. Icon., 2. t. 145. f. 2. Spec. Char., &c. Stem ascendent. Branches clothed with clammy hairs, somewhat cinereous. Leaves almost linear, with revolute margins, villous, clammy, somewhat cinereous, opposite, upper ones alternate. Lower stipules minute, the rest long and loose. Peduncles and calyxes villous, clammy. Petals distinct. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) Found within the south of France and Spain, and introduced in 1790. It is a slender plant, growing about 1 ft. in height, and producing very small pale yellow flowers from May to September. It is a distinct sort; and, though not very ornamental, it is valuable on account of its flowering the whole summer. Its flowers are very fugacious, the petals expanding in the morning, and dropping before the middle of the day. vi. Pseudo-Cistus Dec. Prod., i. p. 276. Derivation. From pseudes, false, and Cistus ; false cistus. Sect. Char. Calyx of 5 sepals; outer sepals narrow, minute; inner ones 4-veined. Petals yellow, small, scarcely twice the length of the sepals. Style twisted at the base, and bent inwards at the apex, usually shorter than the stamens, rarely longer. Stigma capitate, 3-lobed. Capsule small. Seeds few, rather rufescent. Perennial herbs or subshrubs. Leaves stalked, feather-nerved, opposite, usually without stipules, rarely with stipules at the summits of the branches. Flowers secund, racemose, or panicled. Pedicels bracteate at the base, recurved before flowering, when in flower erect, but afterwards reflexed. Bracteas sessile, linear-lanceolate. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) Evergreen undershrubs, bushes, or trailers, of the smallest size. 33. H. MOʻLLB Pers. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 76.; The soft-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Don's Mill., 1. p. 308. Synonymes. Cistus mollis Cav. Icon., 3. p. 31. t. 262. f. 2. Engravings. Cav. Icon., t. 262. f. 2. Spec. Char., &c. Suffruticose. Branches almost simple, pilose. Leaves roundish-ovate, obtuse, stalked, hairy, tomentose on both surfaces, soft. Racemes simple, and are, as well as the calyxes, hairy, tomentose, cinereous. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) A native of Spain, whence it was introduced in 1817; grows 1 ft. high, and produces its yellow flowers from June to August. 34. H. ORIGANIFOLIUM Pers. The Marjoram-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 76.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 308. Synonymes. Cistus origanifolius Lam. Dict., 2. p. 20., Cav. Icon., 3. p. 31. t. 262. f. 1. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, di-tri-chotomous. Leaves stalked, ovate, pilose on both surfaces. Racemes short, terminal. Petals scarcely longer than the calyx. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) A trailer, a native of Spain, whence it was introduced in 1795. The flowers are exceedingly small; but they are produced in abundance in June and July. 35. H. DICHOTOMUM Dunal. The dichotomous-branched Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dunal ined., and Dec. Prod., 1. p. 276.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 308. Spec. Char., &c. Suffruticose. Branches dichotomous, smoothish. Leaves minute, ovate, acute, glabrous, with revolute margins, on short footstalks. Racemes slender, few-flowered. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) A native of Spain, whence it was introduced in 1826. It is a neat little prostrate shrub, with small leaves, having the appearance of those of Thỳmus Piperélla; and exceedingly small flowers, hardly the size of those of Spérgula nodòsa, but of a deep yellow. They appear in the beginning of June, and continue till the end of August. 36. H. CELA'NDICUM Dec. The Eland Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dec. Fl. Fr., 4. p. 817.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 308, Synonymes. Cistus celandicus Lin. Sp., 741.; Chamæcistus, ii., Clus. Hist., p. 75. ic. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, procumbent, branched. Leaves lanceolateelliptical, bluntish, green on both surfaces, usually glabrous, sometimes ciliated, stalked; upper leaves sessile. Racemes simple, few-flowered. Calyx somewhat globose-ovate. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) Found in the Alps of France, Switzerland, and Austria; introduced in 1816; and, in our gardens, a low trailing shrub, producing yellow flowers from June to August. It is nearly related to H. alpéstre, but has narrower leaves and smaller flowers, and is of weaker growth. Plants were in the Chelsea Botanic Garden in 1828. 237. H. pulchE'LLUM Swt. The neat Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Swt. Cist., t. 74.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 308. Synonyme. H. alpéstre Spreng. Syst., 2. p. 590. Engraving. Swt. Cist., t. 74. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, procumbent, branched. Branches clothed with hoary tomentum. Leaves roundish or ovate, obtuse, upper surface green, beset with hispid hairs; under surface clothed with hoary tomentum, with the margins a little revolute. Racemes simple. Calyxes pilose, hoary. Petals imbricate. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) A native of Germany, introduced in 1820, and producing its yellow flowers from June to August. A neat little prostrate shrub, hardy, and of the easiest culture. Plants were in the Roehampton Nursery in 1828. 38. H. ALPE'STRE Dunal. The Alpine Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dunal ined., and Dec. Prod., 1. p. 276.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 308. Synonymes. Cistus alpestris Crantz Austr., p. 103. t. 6. f. 1., Wahl. Helv., p. 103.; Cistus celandicus Varieties. De Candolle records H. a. glabràtum, H. a. elongàtum, and H. a. canéscens. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, procumbent, branched. Branches pilosely hairy. Leaves greenish on both surfaces, oblong-elliptical, rather glabrous, or with hairs in fascicles, stalked; upper leaves almost sessile. Pedicels and calyxes pilosely hairy. Hairs cinereous. (Don's Mill., i. p. 308.) A native of Germany, Switzerland, France, and Italy, on rocks. It was introduced into England in 1818, and produces its yellow flowers, large for the size of the leaves, in July and August. It is an elegant little plant, and quite hardy. It was in Mr. Colvill's Nursery, Chelsea, in 1824. 39. H. PENICILLA TUM Thib. The pencilled Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Thib. ined., and Dec. Prod., 1. p. 277.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 309. Synonymes. Cistus echiöldes Lam. Dict., 2. p. 21.; Cistus ánglicus Lin. Mant., 245.? Spec. Char., &c. Suffruticose. Branches procumbent, long, hispid. Leaves green, with the leaves on both surfaces hispid, as well as the margins; lower leaves stalked, ovate, smaller; upper ones linear-oblong, almost sessile. Racemes simple, and are, as well as the calyxes, hispid. Flowers minute. (Don's Mill., i. p. 309.) A native of France and Spain, and introduced in 1826. It is a trailing plant, with the habit of Echinospermum Láppula. Introduced in 1826, and producing its yellow flowers from June to August. 40. H. OBOVA'TUM Dunal. The obovate-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dunal ined., and Dec. Prod., 1. p. 277.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 309. Synonymes. Cistus italicus Lin. Sp., 740. Spec. Char., &c. Suffruticose. Branches spreading, somewhat dichotomous, clothed with cinereous tomentum towards the apex. Leaves obovate, or oblong-obtuse, green on both surfaces, ciliated, pilosely strigose; lower leaves minute. Racemes simple, 3-flowered. Bracteas green. Calyxes pilose, cinereous. (Don's Mill., i. p. 309.) Found in Spain, near Aranjuez, where it produces its yellow flowers in June and July. It was introduced in 1826; and, in British gardens, is a trailing plant, about 1 ft. in height. 41. H. ITA'LICUM Pers. The Italian Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench, 2. p. 76.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 309. Synonymes. Cistus italicus Lin. Sp., 740.; Cistus marifòlius Bieb. Fl. Taur. Cauc., 2. p. 8. Varieties. De Candolle distinguishes three forms of this species, viz. H. i. strigòsum, H. i. candidissimum, and H. i. álbidum. Spec. Char., &c. Suffruticose. Branches simple, erect, long, pilosely tomentose. Leaves pilosely hispid; hairs strigose, appressed; lower leaves ovate, smaller; upper ones lanceolate, oblong or oblonglinear. Racemes simple, and are, as well as the calyxes, pilosely hispid, canescent. (Don's Mill., i p. 309.) A native of the Mediterranean, on dry hilly surfaces. Introduced in 1799, and producing its yellow flowers from July to September. It is a glaucous-looking trailing plant, seldom exceed. ing 1 ft, in height. 42. H. VINBA`LE Pers. The Vineyard Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 77.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 309. Synonyme. Cistus vinealis Willd. Sp., 2. p. 1195. Engraving. Swt. Cist., t. 77. Spec. Char., &c. Suffruticose, procumbent. Branches ascendent, pilosely tomentose, canescent. Leaves ovate-oblong; upper surface green, strigosely pilose, under surface tomentose, hoary. Racemes simple, few-flowered, and are, as well as the calyxes, pilosely tomentose, canescent. (Don's Mill., i. p. 309.) A native of the south of Germany, Switzerland, France, and Spain; and introduced in 1817. It is a trailing plant, growing to about I ft. in height, and producing its pale yellow flowers in June and July. Sweet says that it is covered with flowers during a great part of the summer. After flowering, most of its leaves become quite silvery on both sides. It requires very little protection. Plants were in the Chelsea Botanic Garden, raised from seeds received from Germany, in 1828. 43. H. CA`NUM Dunal. The hoary Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dunal ined., and Dec. Prod., 1. p. 277; Don's Mill., 1. p. 309. Synonymes. Cistus canus Lin. Sp., 740.; Chamæcistus, iii., Clus. Hist., p. 74. Engravings. Swt. Cist., t. 56.; Jacq. Aust., t. 277.; All. Ped., No. 1664. t. 45. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, procumbent, branched, ascendent, pilosely tomentose, hoary. Leaves obovate, ovate, ovate-oblong, or elliptical, pilose ; upper surface green, under surface somewhat tomentose, hoary. Racemes simple. Pedicels and calyxes pilose, canescent. Petals distinct. (Don's Mill., i. p. 309.) Found wild in the south of France and Germany, and probably also in Britain. It is a procumbent shrub, which has been cultivated in British gardens since 1772, and produces its yellow flowers in June and July. It is nearly related to H. alpéstre, and H. vineàle; and, according to Sweet, is sometimes mistaken for H. marifòlium. Plants were in Colvill's Nursery, at Chelsea, in 1827. 44. H. MARIFOLIUM Dec. The Marum-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dec. Fl. Fr., 4. p. 817.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 309. Synonymes. Cistus marifolius Lin. Sp., 741., but not of Bieb. Fl. Taur. Cauc., Barrel. Icon. rar., 521. t. 441. Engraving. Barrel. Icon. rar., 521. t. 441. Spec. Char., &c. Suffruticose, procumbent. Leaves without stipules, stalked, ovate-cordate, or ovate, acutish; upper surface green, pilose, under surface hoary. Racemes solitary, simple, few-flowered, terminal. (Don's Mill., i. p. 309.) Found wild in the south of France, and in Spain and Italy; and introduced in 1817. It is a trailing plant, seldom exceeding 1 ft. in height, and producing its yellow flowers in June and July. 45. H. CRASSIFO`LIUM Pers. The thick-leaved Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Pers. Ench., 2. p. 77.; Don's Mill., 1. p. 309. Synonymes. Cistus glaucus Desf. Aúl., 1. p. 418., but not of Cav.; H. Séxte Lag. in Litt. Spec. Char., &c. Stem suffruticose, erect, rather glabrous. Leaves somewhat fleshy, on short footstalks; lower leaves ovate, acute, without stipules; upper ones oblong-linear, stipulate. Racemes short, rather umbellate. Calyxes pilose at the base. (Don's Mill., i. p. 309,) Found wild in Barbary and Spain, and introduced into England in 1818. It grows to 1 ft. in height, and produces its yellow flowers from May to July. It was called H. Sérte, on account of its being found in Vafentia, where it is called sexte by the common people. 46. H. PANICULA'TUM Dunal. The panicled-flowered Helianthemum, or Sun Rose. Identification. Dunal. ined., and Dec. Prod., 1. p. 278. Synonymes. Cistus marifolius Herb. Thib.; Cistus nummulàrius var. Lag. in Litt.; H. sp. nòva Schouw, in Litt. Spec. Char., &c. Suffruticose, procumbent. Branches ascendent and erect; floriferous branches long; upper part stipulate. Leaves stalked, ovate, bluntish, rarely roundish; upper surface green, under surface hoary. Racemes opposite and ternary; panicled. (Don's Mill., i. p. 309.) A native of the mountains of Spain and Sicily, and introduced here in 1826. It is a procumbent plant, with very small flowers of a yellow colour, which are produced in abundance from June to August. vii. Euhelianthemum Dec. Prod., i. p. 278. Derivation. From eus, genuine, hēlios, the sun, and anthemon, a flower; that is to say, genuine species of helianthemum. Sect. Char. Calyx of 5 sepals, rather twisted at the top before expansion; |