of order and of quantity existing among the ideas of Time as well as those of Space. Sequence in the one is denoted by the same terms as sequence in the other; and the measures of time also express the measures of space. The cause and the effect are often designated by the same word. The word Sound, for instance, denotes both the impression made upon the ear by sonorous vibrations, and also the vibrations themselves, which are the cause or source of that impression. Mixture is used for the act of mixing, as well as for the product of that operation. Taste and Smell express both the sensations and the qualities of mate rial bodies giving rise to them. Thought is the act of thinking; but the same word denotes also the idea resulting from that act. Judgment is the act of deciding, and also the decision come to. Purchase is the acquisition of a thing by payment, as well as the thing itself so acquired. Speech is both the act of speaking and the words spoken; and so on with regard to an endless multiplicity of words. Mind is essentially distinct from Matter; and yet, in all languages, the attributes of the one are metaphorically transferred to those of the other. Matter, in all its forms, is endowed by the figurative genius of every language with the functions which pertain to intellect; and we perpetually talk of its phenomena and of its powers, as if they resulted from the voluntary influence of one body on another, acting and reacting, impelling and being impelled, controlling and being controlled, as if animated by spontaneous energies, and guided by specifio intentions. On the other hand, expressions, of which the primary signification refers exclusively to the properties and actions of matter, are metaphorically applied to the phenomena of thought and volition, and even to the feelings and passions of the soul; and in speaking of a ray of hope, a shails of doll, a flight of fancy, a flash of wit, the warmth of emotion, or the ebullitions

of anger, we are scarcely conscious that we are employing metaphors which have this material origin.

As a general rule, I have deemed it incumbent on me to place words and phrases which appertain more especially to one head, also under the other heads to which they have a relation, whenever it appeared to me that this repetition would suit the convenience of the inquirer, and spare him the trouble of turning to other parts of the work; for I have always preferred to subject myself to the imputation of redundance, rather than incur the reproach of insufficiency. When, however, the divergence of the associated from the primary idea is sufficiently marked, I have contented myself with making a reference to the place where the modified signification will be found. But in order to prevent needless extension, I have, in general, omitted conjugate words, which are so obviously derivable from those that are given in the same place, that the reader may safely be left to form them for bimself. This is the case with adverbs derived from adjectives by the simple addition of the terminal syllable -ly; such as closely, carefully, safely, &c., from close, careful, safe, &c., and also with adjectives or participles immediately derived from the verbs

Frequent repetitions of the same series of expressions, accordingly, will be met with under various headings. For example, the word Relinquishment, with its synonymes, occurs as a heading at No. 624, where it applies to intention, and also at No. 782, where it refers to property. The word Chance has two significations, distinct from one another; the one implying the absence of an assignable cause; in which case it comes under the category of the relation of Causation, and occupies the No. 156; the other, the absence of design, in which latter sense it ranks under the operations of the Will, and has assigned to it the place No. 621. I have, in like manner, distinguished Sensibility, Pleasure, Pain, Taste, &c., according as they relate to Physical or to Moral Affections the former being found at Nos. 375, 377, 378, 390, &c., and he latter at Nos. 822, 827, 829, 850, &c.

which are already given. In all such cases, an "&c.' indicates that reference is understood to be made to these roots.

The same verb is frequently used indiscriminately either in the active or transitive; or in the neuter or intransitive sense. In these cases. I have generally not thought it worth while to increase the bulk of the work by the needless repetition of that word; for the reader, whom I suppose to understand the use of the words, must also be presumed to be competent to apply then correctly.

There are a multitude of words of a specific character, which, although they properly occupy places in the columns of a dictionary, yet, having no relation to general ideas, do not come within the scope of this compilation, and are consequently omit. ted. The names of objects in natural history, and technical terms belonging exclusively to science or to art, or relating to particular operations, and of which the signification is restricted to those specific objects, come under this category.