EXERCISES.-1. The affixes -al, -ar, -ary, -ic, -ical, -ine, -ish, -ory, denote belonging to; as post, postal; angle, angular; tribute, tributary; cube, cubic, cubical; feminine (femina, a woman); fool, foolish; preface, prefatory.

2. Analyse and parse the last three lines of stanza 3.

3. Make sentences of your own, and use in each one or more of the following words: Ravage, convulse, armaments, arbiter.

MARIE-ANTOINETTE, QUEEN OF FRANCE.

[The following passage is taken from Burke's celebrated work, Reflections on the Revolution in France, which was published in 1790. Marie-Antoinette was the daughter of the famous Maria Theresa, Empress of Austria. She was married to the Dauphin, afterwards Louis XVI. of France. She was put to death by the guillotine in 1793.]

1. It is now sixteen or seventeen years since I saw the Queen of France, then the Dauphiness, at Versailles; and surely never lighted on this orb, which she hardly seemed to touch, a more delightful vision. I saw her just above the horizon, decorating and cheering the elevated sphere she had just begun to move in-glittering like the morning-star, full of life, and splendour, and joy. Oh, what a revolution! and what a heart must I have to contemplate without emotion that elevation and that fall!

2. Little did I dream, when she added titles of veneration to that enthusiastic, distant, respectful love, that she should ever be obliged to carry the sharp antidote against disgrace concealed in that bosom; little did I dream that I should have lived to see such disasters fallen upon her in a nation of gallant men, in a nation of men of honour and of cavaliers. I thought ten thousand swords must have leaped from their scabbards to avenge even a look that threatened her with insult.

3. But the age of chivalry is gone. That of sophisters, economists, and calculators has succeeded, and the glory of Europe is extinguished for ever. Never, never more shall we behold that generous loyalty to rank and sex, that proud submission, that dignified obedience, that subordination of the heart, which kept alive, even in servitude itself, the spirit of an exalted freedom. The unbought grace of life, the cheap defence of nations, the nurse of manly sentiment and heroic enterprise, is gone! It is gone, that sensibility of principle, that chastity of honour, which felt a stain like a wound, which inspired courage whilst it mitigated ferocity, which ennobled whatever it touched, and under which vice itself lost half its evil by losing all its grossness.

cal'-cu-lat-ors
ex-tin'-guished

sub-mis'-sion

Edmund Burke.

o-be'-dience

en'-ter-prise

prin'-ci-ple

scab'-bards, cases in which swords

are kept.

chiv'-al-ry, noble and heroic deeds.
soph'-is-ters, persons who speak and
reason falsely.

loy'-al-ty, faithfulness and truth.
sub-or-di-na'-tion, a keeping under.
serv'-i-tude, state of slavery.
sen-si-bil'-i-ty of prin'-ci-ple, keen-
ness to know and do what is
right.

mit'-i-gat-ed, lessened; softened.

EXERCISES.-1. The affixes -able, -ible, -ile, denote able, fit to be; as portable, fit to be carried; legible, fit to be read; ductile, that may be drawn out.

2. Analyse and parse the first four lines of paragraph 2.

3. Make sentences of your own, and use in each one or more of the following words: Servitude, mitigate, loyalty, emotion.

SPEECH OF MARK ANTONY.

[The following lesson is from Shakspeare's Julius Caesar, Act Third, Scene Second. It is the speech made by Mark Antony, at the funeral of Cæsar, who had just been assassinated (44 B.C.). This was the work of Brutus, Cassius, Casca, and others, who had conspired against him. Antony was allowed to speak in Cæsar's funeral, by his opponents Brutus and Cassius.]

Antony. Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears. I come to bury Cæsar, not to praise him.

The evil that men do lives after them;
The good is oft interred with their bones:
So let it be with Cæsar. Noble Brutus
Hath told you Cæsar was ambitious;
If it were so, it was a grievous fault,
And grievously hath Cæsar answered it.
Here, under leave of Brutus, and the rest-
For Brutus is an honourable man,

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So are they all, all honourable men-
Come I to speak in Cæsar's funeral.

He was my friend, faithful and just to me;
But Brutus says he was ambitious;

And Brutus is an honourable man.

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He hath brought many captives home to Rome,

Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill.

Did this in Cæsar seem ambitious?

When that the poor have cried, Cæsar hath wept;
Ambition should be made of sterner stuff:

Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;

And Brutus is an honourable man.
You all did see that, on the Lupercal,
I thrice presented him a kingly crown,
Which he did thrice refuse.

Was this ambition?

Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;
And, sure, he is an honourable man.

I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke ;
But here I am to speak what I do know.
You all did love him once, not without cause :
What cause withholds you then to mourn for him?
Oh, judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts,
And men have lost their reason! Bear with me:
My heart is in the coffin there with Cæsar,
And I must pause till it come back to me.

1st Cit. Methinks there is much reason in his sayings.
2d Cit. If thou consider rightly of the matter,

Cæsar has had great wrong.

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3d Cit. Has he, masters? I fear there will a worse come

in his place.

4th Cit. Marked ye his words? He would not take the

crown;

Therefore, 'tis certain he was not ambitious.

1st Cit. If it be found so, some will dear abide it.

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2d Cit. Poor soul! his eyes are red as fire with weeping. 3d Cit. There's not a nobler man in Rome than Antony. 4th Cit. Now, mark him, he begins again to speak. Ant. But yesterday, the word of Cæsar might

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Have stood against the world; now lies he there,
And none so poor to do him reverence.

Oh, masters! if I were disposed to stir
Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage,

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I should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong,
Who, you all know, are honourable men.
I will not do them wrong: I rather choose

To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you,
Than I will wrong such honourable men.

But here's a parchment with the seal of Cæsar :
I found it in his closet; 'tis his will.

Let but the commons hear this testament-
Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read—

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And they would go and kiss dead Cæsar's wounds,
And dip their napkins in his sacred blood;

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Yea, beg a hair of him for memory,

And dying, mention it within their wills,
Bequeathing it as a rich legacy

Unto their issue.

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4th Cit. We'll hear the will; read it, Mark Antony.

All. The will! the will!

We will hear Cæsar's will!

Ant. Have patience, gentle friends! I must not read it;

It is not meet you know how Cæsar loved you.

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You are not wood, you are not stones, but men ;
And, being men, hearing the will of Cæsar,
It will inflame you, it will make you mad.
'Tis good you know not that you are his heirs ;
For, if you should, oh, what would come of it!

4th Cit. Read the will; we will hear it, Antony:

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You shall read us the will; Cæsar's will!

Ant. Will you be patient? will you stay a while?

I have o'ershot myself, to tell you of it.

I fear I wrong the honourable men

Whose daggers have stabbed Cæsar. I do fear it. 4th Cit. They were traitors. Honourable men? All. The will! the testament!

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2d Cit. They were villains, murderers! The will! the will!

Read

Ant. You will compel me, then, to read the will! Then make a ring about the corpse of Cæsar,

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