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SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT

Our systematic classification of the West Indian Culicoides (table 1) shows their arrangement in six subgenera and summarizes the mean values for certain numerical characters of the females. For greater

convenience in using this bulletin, we have arranged the species descriptions and illustrations alphabetically without regard to natural classification.

TABLE 1.-Systematic arrangement of West Indian species of Culicoides with mean values for certain numerical characters of females

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KEY TO SPECIES

(mainly for females)

1. Second radial cell wholly or mainly included in a pale distal spot--

Second radial cell wholly included in a very dark spot-.

2. Base of cell M4 pale bordering veins M3+ 4 and Cul-Base of cell M4 and adjacent veins in a dark area---

3. Cell M1 with two pale spots distal to the double spot straddling vein M2; small black spot present on vein R4+5 near end of 2RC; larger species, wing 1.21 mm. long----.

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---foxi Ortiz Cell M1 with only one pale spot distal to double spot straddling vein M2; no small black spot on vein R4 +5 near end of 2RC; smaller species, wing 1.11 mm. long

4. Vein R4+5 blackened into adjacent distal pale area up to a point where vein turns abruptly forward to meet costa; mesonotum with prominent pattern; palpal segment 3 with definite, irregular, sensory pit--

4

----insignis Lutz

Vein R4+5 not blackened into adjacent distal pale area; mesonotum without prominent pattern; palpal segment 3 without sensory pit but with sensilla scattered on surface.. __trinidadensis Hoffman

5. Apices of veins M1 and M2 pale at wing margin; palpal segment 3 long and slender, without sensory pit, sensilla scattered on surface; large blackish species, wing 1.66 mm. long; legs mostly blackish----heliconiae Fox and Hoffman Apices of veins M1 and M2 dark at wing margin; palpal segment 3 with definite round sensory pit; smaller yellowish species, wing 1.11-1.25 mm. long; legs extensively yellowish with blackish knee spots---

6. Hind femur pale, a conspicuous dark band only on midportion (AR 1.25; antennal sensory pattern 3,8,10-15; spermathecae large and unequal)

6

decor (Williston)

7

Hind femur dark, with only a subapical pale band....... 7. AR 1.35; antennal sensory pattern 3,10-15; spermathecae small and subequal____. ----farri Wirth and Blanton

AR 1.85; antennal sensory pattern 3-15; spermathecae moderately small and slightly unequal_-_ __dominicanus Wirth and Blanton

8. Pale spots at periphery of wing faint or absent..

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9. Small blackish species, wing 0.64 mm. long; wing without macrotrichia; 2RC short, as broad as long, CR 0.53; third palpal segment with small, round, deep sensory pit----

9

12

--pusillus Lutz

Larger yellowish or brown species, wing 0.90-1.05 mm. long; wing with abundant macrotrichia; 2RC longer, CR 0.60-0.74; third palpal segment with scattered sensilla, irregular pit, or shallow round pit-----

10. Pale yellowish species; two spermathecae present----

Dull brownish species; one spermatheca present (antennal sensory pattern 3.11-14; AR 1.70; third palpal segment with irregular pit)

10

11

archboldi Wirth and Blanton

11. Mesonotum yellow with pale grayish pollinosity; third palpal segment with sensilla scattered on surface; spermathecae heavily sclerotized dark brown; antennal sensory pattern 3,10-14--melleus (Coquillett)

Mesonotum shining yellow; third palpal segment with definite round pit; spermathecae pale yellowish, lightly sclerotized; antennal sensoria indistinguishable

--floridensis Beck

12. Wing with a pale spot straddling midportion of vein M2, or veins M1 and M2 entirely pale margined, including this area..

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Wing with no pale spot straddling vein M2, this vein usually dark to apex--13. Wing with pale markings extensive, interconnected, the veins including Cul pale margined along nearly their entire length_---

13

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14

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Wing with pale markings less extensive, veins not pale margined except at apices

14. Mesonotum dark brown with narrow whitish longitudinal lines; cell R5 with two pale areas between end of costa and wing tip; spermathecae elongate, saclike; halter knob pale---

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15

---loughnani Edwards Mesonotum with pattern of punctiform brown dots; cell R5 with three pale areas between end of costa and wing tip; spermathecae short, ovoid; halter knob dark -----_arubae Fox and Hoffman

15. Vein M1 with pale spot straddling basal portion or lying immediately anterior to it near base___.

Vein M1 without pale spot straddling basal portion or lying immediately anterior to it near base___

16. Vein M1 with pale spot straddling basal portion; anal cell with two pale spots in distal portion; spermathecae oval without sclerotized necks.

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17

jamaicensis Edwards

Vein M1 with basal pale spot confined to anterior side of vein; anal cell with one pale spot in distal portion; spermathecae unequal, retort shaped, with long necks arising obliquely---panamensis Barbosa 17. Mesonotum uniformly grayish-green pollinose; third palpal segment without sensory pit, sensilla scattered on surface of segment-----phlebotomus (Williston) Mesonotum yellowish with dark-brown pattern; third palpal segment with small, round sensory pit----

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18. Wing veins M3+ 4 and Cul with apices pale at wing margin; antennal sensory pattern 3,5,7,9,11-15; halter deeply infuscated; male aedeagus with basal arch to 0.42 of total length, basal arms stouter; parameres shorter and more abruptly tapered on main portion_____ ---borinqueni Fox and Hoffman Wing veins M3 + 4 and Cu1 dark at wing margin; antennal sensory pattern 3,5,7,11-15; halter pale to slightly infuscated; aedeagus with basal arch to half of total length, basal arms slender; parameres longer and gradually tapering distally__ ____bredini Wirth and Blanton

19. Cell M1 with three pale spots; cell R5 with two pale spots in distal half_____
Cell M1 with two pale spots; cell R5 with one pale spot in distal half_.
20. Anal cell with one pale spot in distal portion; mesonotum without pattern of
punctiform dots; cell R5 with apical pale spot small and round

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21

paraensis (Goeldi)

Anal cell with two pale spots in distal portion; mesonotum with pattern of punctiform brown dots; cell R5 with apical pale spot obliquely hourglass shaped, subapical pale spot small and rounded____ --furens (Poey)

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21. Cell M2 with one pale spot distal to level of mediocubital fork, not counting any spot lying immediately anterior to base of fork____ Cell M2 with two pale spots lying distal to level of mediocubital fork (anal cell with two distal pale spots; mesonotum with pattern of punctiform brown dots)‒‒‒‒ _barbosai Wirth and Blanton

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22. One spermatheca present; third palpal segment with irregular sensory pit; distal five antennal segments elongate_--_--_-guadeloupensis Floch and Abonnenc Two spermathecae present; third palpal segment with definite round pit; distal antennal segments not elongate--

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23. Smaller species, wing 0.76 mm. long; macrotrichia scanty, mostly confined to distal half of wing; third palpal segment broad, PR 1.6----- ---hoffmani Fox Larger species, wing 0.97 mm. long; macrotrichia abundant, extending to base of wing; third palpal segment long and slender, PR 2.6-- .___trilineatus Fox

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DESCRIPTIONS OF CULICOIDES SPECIES

Culicoides archboldi Wirth

and Blanton
(Figs. 6 and 7)

Culicoides archboldi Wirth and Blanton, 1970a, p. 39 (male, female; Dominica; illus.).

Female.-Wing length 0.89 mm. Head: Eyes (fig. 7, a) narrowly separated, with long interfacetal pubescence. Antenna (fig. 7, b) with lengths of flagellar segments in proportion of 30-20-20-20-20-20-2123-55-55-55-60-70; AR 1.70; five distal segments greatly elongated; greatly elongated; sensory pattern 3,11–14. Third palpal segment (fig. 7, c) short and moderately swollen, with an open sensory

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area in an irregular concavity on distal half; PR 2.3. Proboscis moderately long, P/H ratio 0.87; mandible with 18-20 teeth.

Thorax: Uniformly dull dark brown; mesonotum without prominent pattern. Legs (fig. 7, f) brown; knee spots blackish; all tibiae with faint narrow basal pale bands; tibial comb with four spines, the one nearest the spur longest.

Wing (fig. 7, d): Dark brown without prominent pattern; radial cells, margins of veins, and an indistinct area midway on anterior margin of cell R5 darker brown; a small pale spot present at anterior margin of cell R5 just past tip of

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FIGURE 7-Culicoides archboldi: a, Female eye separation; b, female antenna; c, female palpus; d, female wing; e, spermatheca; f, hind femur and tibia; g, male parameres; h, male genitalia, parameres removed.

costa. Macrotrichia long and coarse, relatively sparse but covering most of wing except in radial field; CR 0.74; 2RC with moderately broad lumen. Halter brownish.

Abdomen: Dark brown. Spermatheca (fig. 7, e) single, short, oval, with long slender neck; measuring 0.053 by 0.035 mm.; sclerotized ring present.

Male Genitalia (fig. 7, h).-Ninth sternum with shallow caudomedian excavation, ventral membrane not spiculate; ninth tergum short and tapering, with small, slender, apicolateral processes, caudal margin between them nearly straight. Basistyle with ventral root "foot-shaped," but posterior "heel" not well developed, dorsal root slender; dististyle slender and curved to bent pointed tip. Aedeagus with basal arch extending to half of total length, basal arms curved; distal portion tapering to rather stout, rounded, simple tip. Parameres (fig. 7, g) separate; each with small basal knob, proximal portion slender, with distinct dorsal swelling at midlength, without ventral lobe; distal portion slender and bent ventrocephalad, tapering to blunt-pointed tip.

Distribution.-Dominica (fig. 6). Types.-Holotype, female, allotype, male, Clarke Hall, Dominica, 21-29 April 1964, O. S. Flint, light trap (USNM 70640).

West Indian Records.

DOMINICA: Cabrit Swamp, 23 February 1965, W. W. Wirth, at light, 2 males, 6 females; same, 18 October 1966, E. L. Todd, 9 females; Clarke Hall Estate, April, May 1964,

O. S. Flint, light trap, 14 males, 36 females; same, August 1964, T. J. Spilman, light trap, 28 males, 10 females; same, January-March 1965, Wirth, light trap, 1 male, 13 females; same, 21 January 1965, Wirth, malaise trap, 1 male; same, 30 March 1966, R. J. Gagne, at light, 1 female; d'Leau Gommier, 17 March 1956, J. F. G. Clarke, at light, 24 males, 95 females; Fond Figues River, 20 January, 9 February 1965, Wirth, light trap, 5 males, 7 females; Grand Bay, 13 March 1964, D. F. Bray, at light, 3 females; La Plaine, 17 February 1964, Bray, at light, 1 female; Layou River mouth, 15, 20 January 1965, Wirth, light trap, 5 females; Macoucheri, river mouth, 14 January 1965, Wirth, 10 females; Manets Gutter, 5 March 1965, Wirth, light trap, 1 male; Pont Casse, 22 June 1965, T. H. G. Aitken, chick-baited trap, 6 females; same, May-June 1964, O. S. Flint, at light, 5 males, 20 females; same, January 1965, Wirth, at light, 2 males, 6 females; Portsmouth, 24 June 1965, Aitken, chick-baited trap, 1 female; South Chiltern Estate, 20 February 1965, Wirth, light trap, 1 female; Trafalgar Hydro Plant, 10 May 1968, P. C. Drummond, light trap, 2 females.3

Discussion. This species was dedicated to John Archbold in appreciation of his support of the Biological Survey of Dominica and his keen interest in the scientific exploration of the island.

3 Throughout this bulletin all information pertaining to distribution records is given essentially as it appeared on the insect labels.

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