Exercise 5. Analyze each of the following sentences into its elementary terms, stating regarding each term whether it is a WORD, a PHRASE, or a CLAUSE, and stating regarding each sentence whether it is SIMPLE or COMPLEX: Example. "Seated on the old mail-coach, we needed no evidence out of ourselves to indicate the velocity."-De Quincey. 1. Few and short were the prayers we said.- Wolfe. 2. He is a king every inch of him, though without the trappings of a king.-Carlyle. 3. The clouds still rested on one half of it.-Addison. 4. Now I see, with eye serene, The very pulse of the machine.- Wordsworth. 5. Even in that extremity the general cry was, "No surrender.”. Macaulay. 6. On my bended knees I supplicate you, reject not this bill.-Brougham. 7. Heaven from all creatures hides the book of fate.--Pope. 8. Columbus was the first European who set foot in the new world which he had discovered.-Robertson. 9. Amongst the presents carried out by our first embassy to China was a state-coach.-De Quincey. 10. Perseverance is a prime quality in every pursuit.-Cobbett. 11. You can hear him swing his heavy sledge With measured beat and slow.-Longfellow. 12. In solitude, if I escape the example of badness, I want likewise the counsel and conversation of the good.-Johnson. CHAPTER II.-THE SIMPLE SENTENCE. § 31. A simple sentence is a sentence containing only one predicate, its terms being either single words or phrases. 2d, An incomplete verb and its complement; as, 3d, A verb with object, or adverb, or both; as, 33. The subject or object may be, I. A word, 1st, A noun or pronoun; as, 2d, An adjective used as a noun; as, The brave deserve the fair. 3d, A gerund in -ing; as, Ready writing makes not good writing.-Ben 4th, An adverb used as a noun; as, Thou losest here a better where to find.-Shake II. A phrase, speare. 1st, An infinitive; as, To err is human. The enemy began to retreat. 2d, A substantive and an infinitive; as, He requested them to return. B 34. The complement may assume the same forms as the subject or object and the attribute (vide §§ 26, 27). 35. The attribute may be, I. A word, 1st, An adjective or a participle; as, 2d, A noun in apposition; as, 3d, A possessive case; as, His father was James's brother. II. A phrase, 1st, A noun and preposition; as, All but the prince were drowned. 2d, A gerund, or dative infinitive; as, 36. The adverbial may be, I. A word, 1st, An adverb; as, Far flashed the red artillery. 2d, An adjective used as an adverb; as, II. A phrase, 1st, A noun and preposition; as, The birds sing sweetly in summer. 2d, A noun and attribute; as, The holly is green all the year. 3d, An absolute phrase; as, The wind being favourable, the fleet set sail. 4th, A dative infinitive; as, Those who came to scoff, remained to pray. Exercise 6. Analyze the following sentences, showing of what KIND of word or PHRASE each term consists:— Example. "The Almighty hath not built here for his envy."-Milton. 1. Thou dost preserve the stars from wrong.- Wordsworth. 2. After his death, resistance and order were no more.― Gibbon. These things to hear 3. Would Desdemona seriously incline.-Shakespeare. 4. A thing of beauty is a joy for ever.-Keats. 5. The laws relating to preservation of game are in every country uncommonly rigorous.-Hallam. 6. Resignation to the will of God is true magnanimity.-Bolingbroke. 7. His father's sword he has girded on.—Moore. 8. Three fishers went sailing away to the west.-Kingsley. 9. Far in a wilderness obscure The lonely mansion lay.-Goldsmith. 10. Under a spreading chestnut tree The village smithy stands.-Longfellow. 11. My heart is in the coffin there with Cæsar.-Shakespeare. 12. To do aught good never will be our task.-Milton. 37. Adverbials are of four kinds, according as they express, 1st, Time; as, He called yesterday (when). He remained an hour (how long). 2d, Place; as, He laid the books on the table (where). 3d, Manner; as, The clergyman reads slowly (manner simply—how). The book cost a shilling (measure). They were slain by the Duke (agent). He slew them with the sword (instrument). Edmund was imprisoned with his brother (accompaniment). 4th, Cause; as, He died of his wounds (cause proper). With diligence he will succeed (condition). We failed, notwithstanding our exertions (concession). The plot having been discovered, the conspirators fled The eye was made for seeing (purpose). Purpose is often expressed by the dative infinitive, or gerund; as, He came to see us; i. e., for the purpose of seeing us.- Vide Dr Ernest Adams's English Language, 22 330, 331. Exercise 7. State regarding each Adverbial in the following sentences, whether it expresses TIME, PLACE, manner, or CAUSE:— 1. Deep drank Lord Marmion of the wave.-Scott. 2. He goes on Sunday to the church.-Longfellow. 3. I sparkle out among the fern To bicker down a valley.-Tennyson. 4. My story being done, She gave me for my pains a world of sighs.—Shakespeare. 5. Remote from towns he ran his godly race. -Goldsmith. 6. Several of them in the act of striking at the enemy fell down from mere weakness.-Macaulay. 7. Shakespeare is, above all writers, at least above all modern writers, the poet of nature.-Jonson. 8. (They) plucked his gown to share the good man's smile- Goldsmith. 9. His numerous ministers of justice were posted behind the line, to urge, to restrain, and to punish.-Gibbon. 10. The great qualities of Charlemagne were indeed alloyed by the vices of a barbarian and a conqueror.-Hallam. 11. There is a tide in the affairs of men, Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune.--Shakespeare. 12. About half-past one P.M., on the 21st of September, Sir Walter breathed his last, in the presence of all his children.-Lockhart. |
