XXII. Grindal. 1583. Grindal's foreigners glish Di respondence uninjured. To his foreign friends, Grindal, CHAP. by his position and superior attainments, might, without any violation of his humility, have dogmatized, whereas Edmund he too frequently deferred to their opinions. He always 1575-6felt most grateful to those who showed him kindness during his exile, and he exercised a generous patronage in kindness to the case of theological attainments and learning, during and to his career in England. In proof of this we have only to many Enmention the names of Alexander Nowell, of Miles Cover- vines. dale, of William Redman, of John Whitgift, of John Young (afterwards Bishop of Rochester), and of Matthew Hutton (afterwards Archbishop of York), who were all of them more or less indebted for their advancement in life to the kind offices of Archbishop Grindal. To his country friends in the neighbourhood of Croydon he was a kind neighbour, bringing to them from time to time presents from London, when intercourse with the metropolis, even at a short distance, was not frequent. He was a great patron of music, an art which was now His paraised to a perfection not hitherto reached, and which the art of has scarcely been, so far as sacred music is concerned, music. subsequently surpassed. His patronage extended to Bird, to Morley, to Tallis, and to Tye. He here set an example to his royal mistress which she did not follow. The economy of Elizabeth was praiseworthy, but her parsimony must be censured when, while professing to be a patroness of musical science, she permitted such men as Doctors Bull and Dowland to seek their livelihood in foreign parts. Grindal's income was large, and he must His genehave had some private resources; nevertheless he died poor. This must be attributed to his munificence. In 1561 he contributed largely, as we have before observed,* to the restoration of St. Paul's Cathedral, when damaged by * See above, p 42. tronage of ral munifi cence. CHAP. fire. He was at that time Bishop of London, and while collecting subscriptions from others he himself gave no Edmund less than 7,2067. Grindal. 1575-61583. His gifts to various schools and colleges. In 1565 he granted to the chapel of Highgate the premises thereto adjoining, and two and a half acres of land, for the better maintenance of the free school at that place. An inscription which used to be on the school attributed the grant to Bishop Sandys, but this seems an error. Under letters-patent from Queen Elizabeth, dated April 24, 1583, he founded and endowed a free grammar school at St. Bees. To Pembroke Hall, he gave 40s. per annum for the Greek lecturer, likewise stipends for a fellow and two scholars. He also obtained a licence for the college to hold lands in mortmain. To Magdalen College he gave 5l. per annum for a scholarship. To Christ's College a standing cup value 137. 6s. 8d. To the erection of the chapel of Corpus Christi College he contributed 201. At Queen's College, Oxford, he founded and endowed a fellowship and two scholarships. On June 24, 1583, he gave 50l. to be laid out in land, for the use of the little almshouse at Croydon. He expended, of and care while Bishop of London, considerable sums in the repair episcopal and improvement of London-house, and the episcopal residences. residences at Fulham and Hadlam, and when Archbishop of York, succeeded in recovering for the use of that see, Battersea-house and eighty acres of land pertaining thereto. His im provement for his His will and testament. His will was dated May 8, 1583, and in it he ratified a gift made in a former will, of the tithes in Ashwell, which he bequeathed to Pembroke Hall. To the queen he left Stephen's Greek Testament; he wished it to be a proof of his duty and affection to her highness, and he prayed God long to continue her a blessing to the Church. This record is valuable as showing his placability, and we wish CHAP. Edmund Grindal. 1583. that the queen had found some way of expressing her own appreciation of his generous conduct. He left to Bishop Whitgift a gold ring with a sapphire; and in short, there were few, if any, of his distinguished contemporaries 1575-6that he did not thus remember in his last moments. To Queen's College, Oxford, he left a nest of bowls and a cover, with 40/., together with certain books, with the sum of 10l. towards the clasping, bossing, and chaining the same. To the mayor and citizens of Canterbury he left 100l. to be expended in providing materials for work for the poor. For the poor of Lambeth and Croydon he left 107. to each parish, and the sum of 131. 6s. 8d. for the relief of those who resided in the most distressed part of St. Bees, to which parish church he bequeathed a communion cup with a cover of double gilt, and his fairest Bible, of the translation appointed to be read in the Church. Suitable legacies were left to the various members of his family and household, special grants being made for the education of their children and other objects, at the discretion of his executors.* don. The archbishop retired to Croydon, where he was He retires left undisturbed. The queen's better feelings may have to Croyprompted her to permit the poor blind old man to die in peace, or she may have listened to the solicitations of his friend Burleigh. Grindal had excited the commiseration and respect of all parties, and even his opponents had ceased to torment him. The citizens of London were not surprised when, on His death, July 6, 1583, the great bell of St. Paul's announced to the July 6, Church of England that its good and kind archbishop had passed from this world of care and woe, to repose for ever in peace and happiness, in the arms of his blessed Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ. According to his own * Remains, p. 458. СНАР. XXII. desire, he was buried in Croydon Church. A monument was erected on the south side of the altar, against the Edmund wall, where his effigy in stone is to be seen lying at full length, slightly elevated from the ground. Grindal. 1575-6 1583. His hands are in the attitude of prayer; the pupils of his eyes are so executed as to denote his blindness; his face is represented as that of a comely man; his beard is long, black, and somewhat forked and curling; he is vested in his doctor's robes. Beneath his effigy, on one side, are these words: Præsulis eximii ter postquam est auctus honore, Mortua marmoreo conduntur membra sepulchro ; Of Archbishop Grindal there are portraits in the palaces at Lambeth and Fulham; in the University library and in Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; also engravings by S. Pass, Vertue, Vandergucht, and J. Fittler. Strype's Grindal, p. 430. CHAPTER XXIII.* JOHN WHITGIFT.-EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATION. Family of Whitgift settled in Lincolnshire.-Probable date of Whitgift's birth, 1530.-His education at St. Anthony's School, London. -Lodged with his aunt in St. Paul's Churchyard. Her negligence and intolerant conduct towards him.-He returns home.-Matriculates at Cambridge.-In favour with Ridley.-Fellow of Peter House. His illness.-Kindness of Dr. Perne, the master.-Whitgift's alarm at Pole's university visitation.-Dr. Perne promises him protection. Whitgift delays his ordination until Elizabeth's accession.- Rector of Teversham. - His University preferments. In favour with the queen. Ecclesiastical preferments. Dean of Lincoln-Vice-Chancellor.-Appointed to the See of Worcester.—— His universal popularity.-Triumphal procession to his diocese. XXIII. THE family of Whitgift was one of great respectability, CHAP. the elder branch of which had long been settled in Yorkshire. Its members were eminent in that middle class of society, which the sound policy of Henry VII. * Authorities.-Paule's Life of Whitgift and Walton's Life of Hooker (Wordsworth's Ecclesiastical Biography, vol. iii. third edition). Cardwell's Conferences and other works. Ducarel's Croydon and Lambeth. Collier's Ecclesiastical History. Strype's Works. Soames' Elizabethan History. Machyn's Diary. The Foedera. Sir John Haynes' Burghley Papers. Neale's Puritans. Brook's Cartwright. Whitgift's Works (published by Parker Society). Wilkins's Concilia. Fuller's Worthies. Fuller's Characteristics. Heylin's History of Presbyterians. Middleton's Evangelical Biography. Hallam's Constitutional History. Wood's Athenæ Oxonienses. Churton's Nowell. Wright's Elizabeth. Hasted's Kent. Le Neve, edited by Sir T. Duffus Hardy. Rapin's History of England. Kennet's History of England. Memoirs of Sir Robert Carey. Lamb's Collection of Letters. John Whitgift. 1583 1603-4. |