toune, husbondman, Thomas Gelle of the same, husbondman, John Louthe, yonger, of the same, laborer, John Gelle of the same, Robert Hornblynke of the same, husbondman, Rauffe Kyrkeman of the same, husbondman, Henry Smyth of the same, smyth, and other, with gret aray with palettes, hoburjones, bowes, arwes, axes and gleyves as men of werre and riottours, and in the said vicary and parachones mad assaut and the crucifixe pulled don, seyng yf they went any further procession, that thei shulde slei them. For fere of which the sayd vicary ner parachones durst not at that tyme ne sithyn goo in procession leche as they have usyd tofore, the which is odyouse example."Second Series, vol. ix. p. 15. EDWARD PEACOCK. Wickentree House, Kirton-in-Lindsey. person It may be of interest enough to place on record a contemporary note of "beating the bounds" in September last, at Bodmin, by the mayor and councillors. At the end of the day their boundary lay through a pool, into which the mayor threw a ball. The who succeeded in rescuing the ball, and running with it to the town clock, received five shillings. Beating the bounds happens here once every seven years; but on this occasion only five years had elapsed since the last perambulation. ROBERT LEWIS STEELE. The following appeared in The Birmingham Daily Post of 2 June: [This discussion is becoming too personal to go further, and we cannot insert any more on the subject.] 'LOVE'S LABOUR'S LOST': ITS DATE (10th S. iii. 265, 370).-Now that MR. CLARK has kindly made it clear what his point is in his original communication (10th S. iii. 170), I will endeavour to render my explanation of it even clearer than I have succeeded in doing in the original passage in my little book, written in a very condensed form. In the book, at P. 38, I plainly said that the name used in the first play-'Love's Labour's Lost,' published in 1598-was not the "full name," and I added, as explanatory : "This looks as if the use of the pen name was not finally decided upon, and was hesitating and tentative, from the publication of Venus' in 1593 till the success of the publication of 'Love's Labour's Lost' 1598." here. Let me add to my explanation more fully "An ancient ceremony was observed yesterday morning (Ascension Day) by the Lichfield Cathe-in dral choristers. The choristers walked round the boundaries of the Cathedral parish, headed by the processional cross, the clergy conducting the devotions at the eight places where there is a record of there having been, or still is, a well. Early yesterday morning the choristers had decorated the principal residences in the Cathedral Close with freshly gathered elm boughs. As the procession entered the Cathedral at the conclusion the Old Hundredth' hymn was sung, and the ancient custom was concluded around the font." FANSHAWE FAMILY (10th S. iii. 327, 494).Allow me to contradict certain statements made by W. I. R. V. The original MS. of Lady Fanshawe's 'Memoirs' is in my possession, and has never been out of the family. It is in the old contemporary binding of red leather, with Sir Richard Fanshawe's coat of arms emblazoned on the outside leather. Her signature, dated May, 1676, is inside. I have many letters and papers before me in the handwriting of both Lady Fanshawe and Sir Richard. Certain pages have been ruthlessly torn out at the end, but this fact does not prove my original MS. "to be original in merely a limited sense." I have seen none of the papers or the MS. W. I. R.V. The "full name" of " William Shakespeare was invented by Bacon as early as 1593. It appears, accordingly, upon the dedication both of Venus and Adonis' in 1593, and in that of 'Lucrece' in 1594. The name thus used is clearly not that of the Stratford actor; but it was so framed as to closely resemble it, and yet not to be identical with it. The newly formed name had a significance of its own. It betokened "The Quirinus," fabled to have been thrown by Romulus into the Quirinal, where it took root and became a laurel tree. The word Quirinus itself was derived from an old Sabine word signifying a "spear." Thus the whole word, so framed in its first syllable, formed the word "Shake"; while its second syllable, even in those early days, as plainly added the word "spear" to the "Shake" in the first. The whole word thus created conveyed to the initiated Bacon's well known classic distinction of being the great "Spear-shaker" known to fame. The meaning thus sought to be given to the new word is corroborated by the fact that more than thirty men, who bore the names of either distinguished members of the universities or members of the inns of court, celebrated their loved Quirinus, or "Shakespear," directly after Bacon's death. The poems in which they did so were collected by his chaplain Rawley, and may be found in Blackburn's edition of Bacon (published 1730), or in vol. x. of the "Harleian Miscellany." No less than twenty-seven out of the thirty-seven pieces speak of Bacon as a great poet. Why, then, was this full and significant name yet not employed in 1598 on the edition of the first play published, as if bearing the name of the actor? Two explanations are possible of this fact. Some learned in this subject say that the variance in spelling was a mere printer's error, accidentally made. And they urge, with considerable force, that its weight is much diminished by the fact that the peculiar spelling employed on the publication of the first play in 1598 has not been found to be repeated in any one of the quarto or folio editions of the plays subsequently published. Nay, more, the peculiar spelling employed in 1598 was corrected in a quarto of 'Richard III.' published in the very next year, bearing on it the classical "Quirinus' name of "William Shake-speare," properly divided. the "Speare" in the second syllable; and even interjected the hyphen between the two syllables to mark the change of significance in the mere word as a whole by the changes made in its spelling. MR. CLARK will, I feel sure, not suppose that I for a moment intended to charge him with intentional misquotation. He and your readers will also, I hope, forgive me for, in the hurry of dictation, by a slip of the moment, using "folio" in place of "quarto -a little slip which surely never misled any one. All readers will, I think, concur in thanking MR. CLARK for an instructive and well-meant discussion, for which I, at least, heartily thank him. G. PITT-LEWIS. [We cannot insert more on this subject.] PINCHBECK FAMILY (10th S. iii. 421).-Being a Lincolnshire Pinchbeck, I was much interested in MR. UNDERDOWN's note on the Pinchbeck family. I wonder if he has heard the following doggerel, which I often had chanted at me when I was a National School boy: Adam and Eve and Pinchbeck Went down to the river to bathe; Adam and Eve got drownded, And who do you think got saved? The chief object of the chanter was to get the answer to the question in the last line, and then demonstrate it by pinching you. I used to think it was only a Lincolnshire verse, and I was much surprised to hear it when I came into Lancashire, where Pinch One wonders which Pinchbeck is referred to in the lines, and how on earth he got mixed up with Adam and Eve. Perhaps it is only a schoolboy ditty. In reference to the name being spelt Pinchback, I might say that up here in Lancashire, where they reverse e's and a's, calling Bailey Bealey, and Bealey Bailey, my name is generally pronounced Pinchback, with a decided smack on the "back." Lancashire folk seem unable to say "beck "; if they do not call it "back," they turn it into "beek." There is a Pinchback mentioned somewhere in Pepys's Diary.' Who was he? Weighty as this explanation is, yet I myself find another, extending such explanation still further, with which MR. CLARK will, perhaps, be even less pleased. Bacon had manufactured the name of the "Spear-becks are very scarce. Shaker," or Quirinus, as early as 1593 and 1594. To get it, he had turned the Stratford actor's first syllable of "Shag," or "Shax," as it was then commonly pronounced, into "Shake." He had also changed the second syllable of the patronymic into "Speare." Bacon was an extremely cautious man, and was in the habit, as we all know, of working by experiment. When he came to put forward an altogether new publication, by the man who had written 'Venus' and also 'Lucrece,' he felt timid about altering the second syllable in the play as well as the first, lest it should attract attention. So the first play was published with a name that only resembled the first syllable of the name of the author of the two earlier poems, and was published by a wholly new publisher, named Cuthbert Burby. He could, if necessity arose, be easily passed off as a mere "pirate" who had somehow stolen the then old play. His name, too, never appears again as the publisher of a play. No one, however, noticed that Cuthbert Burby had even followed the first syllable in "Shake." So, in the next year, Bacon added · 66 I think MR. UNDERDOWN's definition of Pinchbeck as a stream flowing in a narrow channel nearer the mark than that given in Skeat's 'Etymological Dictionary' :"The name is French, and, like many surnames, was orig. a nickname. It means having a beak or mouth like pincers; from F. pince, a pincer" (Cot.), and bec, a beak." The name is certainly Norman French, and the Pinchbecks may be an offshoot of the family of Bec, Bek, or Beck, which came over with William the Conqueror and settled in Lincolnshire. Small streams are still known as becks in that county. What are the full armorial bearings of the Pinchbeck family? The fifth quartering of Robert Cecil, first Earl of Salisbury (Arg., a chevron between three chess rooks ermines), is mostly given as Walcot of Walcot, co. Lincoln, but sometimes as Pinchbeck. Are both arms alike? If so, why? In 3rd S. xi. 307 there is mentioned a deed which is signed by Robert Pynchbek, subprior of Spalding, and is dated 31 July, 1534. W. H. PINCHBECK. ["Adam and Eve and pinch 'em" was familiar to London schooboys forty years ago.] The Funk & Wagnalls Company's 'Standard Dictionary,' 1900, gives as a secondary meaning of missal, an illuminated black-letter manuscript book of early date resembling the old mass-books." It is to be hoped this Americanism will not obtain a footing here. JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT. An inquiry was made at 8th S. i. 493, under William Hebb, as to the birth, baptism, and parentage of William Hebb, who married, 7 July, 1767, at St. Martin's Church, Charing PARSLOE'S HALL, ESSEX (10th S. iii. 430, 490). Cross, Martha, daughter of Christopher-Allow me, the present owner of Parsloes, Pinchbeck, the inventor of the material absolutely to contradict certain statements known as pinchbeck; but I do not remember made by W. I. R. V. The fine old oak that any reply was made to this inquiry. Jacobean panelling is all in absolutely perWilliam Hebb was father of Christopher fect order, though the house is not. I may Henry Hebb, surgeon, twice Mayor of Wor- here state it is my intention to put the house cester, who died in 1861, and whose name in order at the earliest date possible, and appears in the 'D.N.B.' JOHN HEBB. that it will be inhabited. "THE MISSAL' (10th S. iii. 469).—Before the days of liturgiology any illuminated MS. service-book was called a "missal," hence the term "missal-painting." In January, 1818, my grandfather, William Fowler, the engraver, had some dealings with Mr. Joseph Sams, the well-known collector and bookseller at Darlington, and was Cr by Missal, 157." This 'Missal' was a beautiful Flemish MS. Hore; but we always used to call it 'The Missal' until we knew better. A fine illuminated MS. York Breviary in Bishop Cosin's library at Durham was lettered Missale Romanum' early in the last century. This error has now been corrected. But it figures as Missale Romanum' in Catalogi Veteres,' Surtees Soc. (1838), p. 136. J. T. F. Durham. a missal in her This is no doubt a mistake. It is very unlikely that a lady in any period of the Middle Ages would use private devotions, even if she were a Latin scholar, which is in itself not improbable. The artist, however, is to be excused for the error into which he has fallen. The general public know very little about the service-books of the Catholic Church. It is not so very long ago that every Latin book of prayers, especially if it contained illuminations, was called a missal. I think Sir Walter Scott fell into this error more it has had no tenant since 1855. 132, Ebury Street, S. W. The monograph mentioned by MR. EDWARD SMITH was prepared by Mr. E. J. Sage, of Stoke Newington, in conjunction with the late Mr. Harrison,* Windsor (Herald), and originally appeared in my friend Dr. J. J. Howard's Misc. Gen. et Her. Although never completed in MS., it was separately reprinted privately by Mr. J. G. Fanshawe in quarto form, with illustrations of some family porNotes, traits added, under the title of Genealogical and Historical, on the Fanshawe Family,' ,' 5 parts, 1868-72. W. I. R. V. KNIGHTS TEMPLARS (10th S. iii. 467; iv. 10). To the works mentioned in my former reply I may add the 'Miscellany of the (orig.) Spalding Club, 1852, which gives *Harrison was the maiden name of Sir Richard's wife, the Lady Fanshawe who wrote the 'Memoirs.” MR. MOXHAY, LEICESTER SQUARE SHOWMAN (10th S. iii. 307, 357, 395, 474).—To the bibliography already given as to Leicester Square add, "The Story of Leicester Square, by John Hollingshead......with numerous illustrations by M. Faustin, Howell Russell, Phil May, and Others, and Facsimile Reproductions of Rare Engravings, Original WaterColours, &c." (London, Simpkin, Marshall & Co., 1892). Among the illustrations are 'Craven House, Drury Lane,' 'Leicester Square in the Eighteenth Century,' A Mapp of the Parish of St. Anns' (1750), 'Staircase of Sir Joshua Reynolds' House, 47, Leicester Square,'The Assembly Rooms Messrs. Puttick & Simpson,' 'The so-called Observatory of Sir Isaac Newton,' Leicester Square from Leicester Place, about 1820, Wylde's [sic] Globe, Leicester Square, 1851,' "The Last of the Old Horse,' from a watercolour by Mr. John O'Connor, the scenic artist, and 'Interior of Wylde's [sic] Globe.' There is an interesting "bull on p. 16 (are there not two?) : " "When Lord Mohun was killed he was living in Macclesfield House, Gerrard Street, Soho, at the back of Leicester House, a site now occupied by the defunct Pelican Club." ROBERT PIERPOINT. fore readily appear that to encourage them by promoting ales was undesirable. WALTER W. SKEAT. the lord to his tenants, each of whom was The scot-ale, an entertainment given by bound to bring his contribution, or scot-peny, was a well-recognized institution of manorial life. The steward or bailiff presiding at these periodical festivities would ensure that they did not degenerate into low revelry. Analogous to these were the church-ales under the supervision of the churchwardens. It seems obvious that Ralph Osbaston and John Scattergood (suggestive name) were of a convivial and generous nature, and, not content with the above official junketings, had "made ales" (love-ales because freely given) on their own account for their neighbours. Possibly at these private drinking bouts due decorum was not observed, and 66 a sound of revelry by night" led to their presentment and amercement at the manor court. NATHANIEL HONE. first edition, vol. iii. pt. i. p. 103, quoting the Dr. Rock, in his 'Church of our Fathers,' Sporley MS., Cotton MS., Claudius A. viii. f. 44, speaks of mead being given to certain monks 66 ASTARTE. ad potum charitatis.' [Reply also from MR. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.] HASWELL FAMILY (10th S. iii. 225, 313, 376, 477). For the information of MR. MONTFORT, I may say that I know nothing of Cheshire; but what I wrote about mash was, curiously, from lifelong knowledge of the surroundings of a stream that flows into the Southampton Water. H. P. L. PALINDROME (10th S. iii. 249, 310, 375).To the notes on this may be added the fact recorded in 'Cornish Folk-lore,' published in The Folk-lore Journal for 1887, p. 196, that among the charms against ill-wishing of parchment inscribed with the following worn by the ignorant there figured "a strip words forming a four-sided acrostic: Sator," &c. ST. SWITHIN. LOVE ALES (10th S. iii. 449).-An ale was quite a general word for a feast. Under 'Ale' in 'N.E.D.' we find help-ale, soul-ale, dirge-iii. ale, Whitson-ale, Mary-ale, leet-ale, scot-ale, bed-ale. bride-ale. Often they were held on specially appointed days, as at Whitsun-tide, Lady Day, or the occasion of a burial or marriage. I have no doubt that love-ale is merely short for loveday-ale. Lovedays were days when differences were supposed to be amicably settled; see N.E.D.,' or my notes to 'Piers Plowman.' For some reason they were not in good repute; and it may there "POETA NASCITUR NON FIT" (10th S. ii. 388; 433).—Audi alteram partem. For a good poet's made, as well as born. Ben Jonson, To the Memory of Shakespeare,' 1. 64. Harbottle's 'Dictionary of Classical Quotations' (Swan Sonnenschein, 1897), p. 31, gives a possible source from Florus, 'De Qualitate Vitæ,' Fragment viii. : Consules fiunt quotannis et novi proconsules: Solus aut rex aut poeta non quotannis nascitur. H. K. ST. J. S. WESLEY AND THE WIG (10th S. iii. 269).-I have a very old umbrella, which will answer the question whether John Wesley wore a wig. The handle of it is an ivory bust of John Wesley, with long hair falling in a wave round his neck at the back. It is evidently not meant for a wig, and is incompatible with the wearing of a wig over it. My attention has been drawn to the concluding paragraph of the sketch of Wesley's life prefixed to his 'Journals,' published in 1836: Sir Robert Atkyns's Ancient and Present State of Gloucestershire,' 1768, p. 234 and pp. 321-2. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. HOUSE OF LORDS, 1625-60 (10th S. iii. 448, 497). The following works may help G. T.:— The Order and Manner of the Sitting of the Lords as Peers of the Realme in the Higher House of Parliament. London, 1628. The Order of Sitting of the Upper House in the High Court of Parliament, &c. London, 1630. A Perfecter Platform then hath hitherto been published of the Lower House, &c., with the names of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal of the Upper House, &c. London, 1627. Catalogue of the Names of all such who were summoned to any Parliament (or Reputed Parlia London, 1661.-This ment) from the year 1640. "gives the Lords, &c., at Oxford, 1643, and in the Parliament held in 1659. "In dress, he was a pattern of neatness and simplicity. A narrow plaited stock; a coat, with small upright collar; no buckles at his knees; no silk or velvet in any part of his apparel; and a head as white as snow gave an idea of something primitive and apostolic; while an air of neatness and cleanliness was diffused over his whole person.' The italics are mine. A wig would not be thus described, and the hair of the portrait in the book agrees with the ivory bust. Rye, Sussex. could not sit in the House of Lords before Peers, unless they had an English title, 1700. HENRY E. FRANKS. QUENINGTON, GLOUCESTERSHIRE (10th S. iii. 489).-Previously to the reign of King John a preceptory for the Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem was founded here by Agnes Laci, William de Poictou, and the Countess Cecilia; and the endowments being afterwards increased, the Knights became possessed of the entire manor, which, after the suppression, was granted to Sir Anthony Kingstone, A.D. 1545. At the beginning of last century it was the property of Michael Hicks Beach, Esq. The preceptory was surrounded by a moat, then mostly filled up. See also Dugdale's Monasticon Anglicanum,' 1846, vol. vi. part ii. p. 803; Tanner's Notitia Monastica,' 1787 (Gloucestershire, xxvii.); and Jaines Dugdale's 'British Traveller,' 1819, vol. ii. p. 468. Concerning lands in Formert belonging to the monastery of Queenington, which is sometimes spelt "Quienington," see JOHN RADCLIFFE. WILLIAM WAYNFLETE (10th S. iii. 461).by Mr. A. F. Leach in his History of H. C. does not mention the theory advanced Winchester College,' pp. 204-5 (viz., that the bishop should be identified with the Winchester scholar William Patney, of Patney, Wilts), the reason for his silence being, I presume, that the author of the theory has now himself relegated it to the category of the "just possible"; see Victoria History of Hampshire,' vol. ii. pp. 284-5. There seems to be no evidence either that Wayneflete had any connexion with Winchester College before he became head master, or that his father ever resided in Wiltshire. JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT. " HOLLICKE OR HOLLECK, CO. MIDDLESEX (10b S. iii. 387, 435).-As regards the name Hollick, I accept COL. PRIDEAUX's derivation in preference to my own. In John Norden's map of Middlesex, augmented by J. Speed (about 1610), the town Hollick is placed between Muswell Hill and "Duccatts" sub-manor easily traceable to Duckett's Common, in the Green Lanes. It is also important to note that in this map Hollick is separated from Friern Barnet by Colney Hatch. Whatever doubt, however, there may be as to the locality of the town, there is none as regards Hollick Wood. COL. PRIDEAUX, I observe, omits all mention of the wood, Even so late as 1802 it was in existence, and known to be in the manor of Tottenham This can be verified by reference to a document entitled Remarks on the Perambulation of the Parish of Tottenham made by the Parishioners on the 27th May, 1802.' The |