tions as "I am," "Thou art," the will, matter, ether, atoms, force, causation, and law, in which the utterances, on those subjects, of Boscovitch, Berkeley, Kant, Hume, Mill, Huxley, Tyndall, H. Spencer, and others, are critically examined and their authors commended, or mercilessly lashed, according to their agreement or otherwise with the writer's views. Mr. Kirkman spoke and wrote in good and forcible English, never failing to define his terms, and he was a great hater of the clouding of ideas, by the use of vague, undefined, and misleading Latin and Greek words. He often expressed the regret rather than the boast that he never had a halfpenny spent on his education. The Bolton Grammar School, it is presumed, was free. Yet he made himself a good Latin and Greek scholar, able to read and speak French and German. In his earlier days he knew all the plants, grasses, mosses, and fungi to be found within reach of his limited opportunities for travel, and he could turn a very neat English verse. It is perhaps to be regretted that Mr. Kirkman's polemical writings were deeply tinged with satire, of which, possibly, the result was to afford excuse for silence on the part of those attacked instead of evoking the replies he so ardently wished for. However that may be, it is, we believe, a fact that, to his outspoken attacks upon the published utterances of some of the leading men of his day, no attempt at answer was ever made. Mr. Kirkman died on the 3rd February, 1895, within two months of attaining the age of 89, and he was, at his death, contributing difficult mathematical problems to the Educational Times. The following (along with others purely mathematical) are among Mr. Kirkman's papers :— 1. On a so-called Theory of Causation. 1862. 2. Truth against Tradition. (A Lecture.) 1865. 3. Where is the Firmament that God created on the second day? (A Lecture.) 1865. 4. On the rest and refreshment of God on the seventh day. (A Lecture.) 1866. 5. The Ordeal of Jealousy. (A Lecture.) 1866. The following were published in Thomas Scott's series : 6. Church Cursing and Atheism. 1869. 7. The XXXIX. Articles and the Creeds. 8. Is death the end of all things for man? Parts I., II., III. 1870. 9. On the Infidelity of Orthodoxy. 1870. 10. On Church Pedigrees. Parts I. and II. 1872. 11. On Clerical Dishonesty. (Published by John Heywood.) 1871. 12. Philosophy without Assumptions. (Longmans.) 1876. 13. I. On Mr. Herbert Spencer's Conquest of the problem of the Universe. II. On the three zeros-Necessary, A priori, and Transcendental; or, An enquiry into the philosophical value of the word necessity used without an if implied or expressed. (Read before the Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool, 1887-8). 14. On the Simplest Possible Experiment in Physical Science, an Elementary Study in Philosophy without Assumptions. (Read before the Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool, 1879). The following is a list of Mr. Kirkman's contributions to the publications of our own Society :— 1848. On Mnemonic Aids in the Study of Analysis. 1851. On Linear Construction. (Mem., Ser. 2, Vol. IX. (1851), pp. 279-296). 1853. On the Representation and Enumeration of Polyedra. (Mem., Ser. 2, Vol. XII. (1855), pp. 47-70). 1854. On the k-partitions of N. (Mem., Ser. 2, Vol. XII. (1855). pp. 129-145). 1857. On the 7-partitions of X. (Mem., Ser. 2, Vol. XIV. (1857), pp. 137-149). 1857. On the triedral partitions of the X-ace, and the triangular partitions of the X-gon. (Proc., Vol. I. (1857), p. 11; Mem., Ser. 2, Vol. XV. (1860), PP. 43-74). 1858. General Solution of the Problem of the Polyedra. (Proc., Vol. I. (1858), pp. 25-28, Mem., Ser. 2, Vol. XV. (1860), pp. 92-103). 1858. On the absurdity of Ontology, and the vanity of Metaphysical Demonstrations; illustrated by reference to Professor Ferrier's Institutes of Metaphysic. (Proc., Vol. I. (1858), pp. 38-40). 1858. New Formula in Polyedra. (Proc., Vol. I. (1858), p. 41). 1859. On the j-nodal k-partitions of the R-gon. 1859. On the Partitions and Reticulations of the R-gon. 1861. On the Theory of Groups and many-valued Functions. 1861. Theorems on Groups. (Proc., Vol. II. (1862), pp. 73-97). 1862. On Non-Modular Groups. (Proc., Vol. II. (1862), pp. 245-253; Mem., Ser. 3, Vol. II. (1865), pp. 204-227). 1863. On Maximum Groups. (Proc., Vol. III. (1864), pp. 59-65). 1863. The Complete Theory of Groups, being the Solution of the Mathematical Prize Question of the French Academy for 1860. (Proc., Vol. III. (1864), pp. 133-152, and 161-162; Vol. IV. (1865), pp. 171-172). 1864. On the Kelation of Force to Matter and Mind. (Proc., Vol. IV. (1865), pp. 14-18, and 28). 1868. Note on "An Essay on the Resolution of Algebraic Equations, by the late Judge Hargreave." (Proc., Vol. VII. (1868), pp. 133-137). 1868. On the Solution of Algebraic Equations. (Proc., Vol. VII. (1868), pp. 141-148). 1868. Note on the Correction of an Algebraic Solution. (Proc., Vol. VII. (1868), pp. 221-223). 1872. Once again--the Beginning of Philosophy. [Title only.] (Proc., Vol. XI. (1872), p. 76. 1891. On the number and formation of many valued Functions of X1XgX--Xn, which of any degree can be constructed upon any Group of those elements, with exhibition of all the values of the Functions. (Mem. and Proc., Ser. 4, Vol. IV. (1891), pp. 315-337). 1891. The 143 six-letter Functions given by the first transitive maximum group of six letters, with full exhibition of the values of the Functions. (Mem. and Proc., Ser. 4, Vol. V. (1892), pp. 23-53). 1893. On the k-partitions of R and of the R-gon. (Mem. and Proc., Ser. 4, Vol. VII. (1893), pp. 211-213). 1893. On the k-partitions of the R-gon. (Mem. and Proc., Ser. 4, Vol. VIII. (1894), pp. 109-129). W. W. K. Dr. MANCHESTER LITERARY AND Charles Bailey, Treasurer, in Account with the Society O 61 10 о Half Subscriptions, 1894-95, 2 at £1. 1s. od. Compounder's Fee, one.. To Members' Donations: For cost of Electric Light Installation: : For repainting the Society's rooms, repairs, &c. (cost incurred, £89. 5s. 3d.) To Balance of Members' Donations towards the cost of oil portrait of the late Mr. Joseph Baxendell, F. R.A.S. Dividends on £1225, Great Western Railway Co.'s Stock.. To Joule Memorial Fund : Balance of Subscriptions: presented by the subscribers to fund for the erection of a marble statute in the Manchester Town Hall to the memory of the late Dr. Joule Dividends on £258 Loan to Manchester Corporation To Bank Interest, 1894-95 O 10 7 70 2 2 о 37 30 70 25 1895.-April 1. 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