who had been travelling painfully since morning, and had "crushed his flasks," it is true, but not in such a way as to raise his spirits even a fraction of a degree.

L'Estrange uses the word pin for a note, a strain. Is it unlikely that the phrase, "in a merry pin," has been used for in a merry key, or strain? I throw this out merely as a conjecture. JULIAN MARSHALL.

Very frequently met with in the seventeenth century, meaning "high jinks," "larking." "Hark how the frothy, empty heads within Roar and carouse ith' jovial Sin, Amidst the wilde Levalto's on their merry Pin !" Benlowe's Theophila, 1652, p. 3. "My Lady and her Maid upon a merry pin They made a match." Antidote against Melancholy, 1661, p. 70. R. R.

Boston, Lincolnshire. Perhaps the following extract from an old notebook of mine may interest F. S. Unfortunately, the exact reference is wanting: "As the woman was upon the peevish pin, a poor body comes, while the froward fit was upon her, to beg (L'Estrange). MARS DENIQUE.

PRONUNCIATION OF KERR (6th S. iv. 69, 255, 279, 336, 475, 523; v. 97).-Not being a genealogist, I bow to C***'s correction, merely premising that on the Scottish Border the Duke of Roxburghe is popularly said to be the modern representative of the family of Kerr. My authority for stating that Carus is the Latin form of Carr is Mr. William Brockie, author of The Family Names of the Folks of Shields traced to their Origin. In this work (scarce and curious) Kerr is included in the list of Scoto-Celtic names,

thus :

"Ker, Kerr, Carr, cearr, left-handed; from North Northumberland and Roxburghshire; tradition says this race were all left-handed (cearr-lamhoch, Gaelic),

like the seven hundred chosen men of the tribe of Ben

jamin spoken of in the Book of Judges. In the South of Scotland such persons are still commonly termed carr-handed; and in Northumberland cow-paw'd, cow being a corruption, probably, of carr."

I cannot answer MR. JONAS'S query as to who possesses the inkstand of Robert Ker, of Kersland; but the sword of this doughty Covenanting hero is at present in Dr. Grierson's museum, Thornhill, Dumfriesshire, where it is treasured as one of the owner's most precious relics. In "N. & Q" recently some particulars were given relative to the Irish branch of the Grahams of Netherby.* In the reign of James I. there was a wholesale deportation of moss-troopers-or "broken men," in the phrase of the times-from both sides of the Border line to Ireland, including representatives

of the English and Scottish clans, or septs, of Graham and Kerr. At the present time, I am told, Kerr is by no means an uncommon name in county Down, especially in and around Armagh. Do the Irish Kerrs deduce their origin from the "transplanted" Scottish moss-troopers ? HENRY KERR.

Stocksteads, Manchester,

"THE ECONOMY OF HUMAN LIFE" (6th S. iv. 409, 546).-The first edition is dated 1751, although Kippis, in his life of Dodsley in the Biographia Britannica, and A. Chalmers, after him, state that it was published in 1750. It may have come out at the end of 1750. There were at least four editions in 1751, the fourth having Dodsley's name as publisher as well as that of M. Cooper (which stood alone in the first issue), and the price, 1s. 6d. The ninth edition is dated 1758, printed for R. & J. Dodsley, price one shilling. In this (perhaps in some earlier ones also) the frontispiece has been re-engraved on a smaller scale and reversed. In 1795, and again in 1798 and 1806, an edition was printed by T. Rickaby for E. Harding, with numerous vignettes after Harding, in which the prefatory letter is addressed to the Earl of E**** (Essex), whereas in the carlier editions no initial was used. An edition, Manchester, 1798, has a woodcut on the title by T. Bewick after Craig. The original edition "is elegantly printed on a fine paper with a small page and a very large margin, after the French manner." At Mr. G. Daniel's sale in 1864 a copy of the first edition, uncut, sold for 21. 28. There are some copies on large paper. The letter prefixed to the book, dated from Peking, has been carefully compiled from Duhalde's China, Paris, 1735, the several Chinese terms used being quite correct, e.g., p. vii, "Thibet, called by some Barantola," is in Duhalde, iv. 460, "On le nomme royaume de Thibet et de Barantola"; p. xi, "Han-lins, or doctors of the first order "-Duhalde, ii. 257,

Han-lins, c'est à dire du Collège des premiers Docteurs de l'Empire"; p. xii, "The emperor honoured him with the title of Colao, or prime minister"-Duhalde, ii. 22, "Le premier ordre des Mandarins est celui des Colao, ou ministres d'Etat : ils ne sont guères que cinq ou six. Il y en a un d'ordinaire parmi eux qui est plus distingué que les autres." The account of the Grand Lama on pp. vii-viii is almost a literal translation of passages in Duhalde, iv. 461. The account of the philosopher Lao Kiun and the sect Tao-sseë (p. xix) is in Duhalde, iii. 16. In fact, it seems that the idea of the book may have been suggested by Duhalde's work, as pp. 131-185 of vol. iii. are occupied with a treatise "par un Philosophe moderne de la Chine, Caractères ou Mœurs des Chinois," in which the duties of life are severally set forth. Dodsley's book was speedily imitated, and a second part was

published in 1751, which was asserted on the title-page to be written by the same hand, although Dodsley advertised to the contrary. A full list of the editions of this book is a desideratum. W. E. BUCKLEY.

"FOOL'S PARADISE" (6th S. v. 7).—I think I can point to an example earlier still than those in my previous note. Reading the account of the Shunammite woman on Sunday last in my favourite Bible, printed by Day & Seres in 1549 (commonly called Becke's Bible), I found 2 Kings iv. 28 thus rendered: "Then she sayde: dyd I desyre a sonne of my Lorde, dyd I not say, that thou shouldest not brynge me in a fules Paradyse." This Bible is almost an exact reprint of the one called Matthew's Bible, printed in 1537, which I am sorry I have not got, but I have scarcely any doubt that the passage will be found the same in it also. R. R.

Boston, Lincolnshire.

THOMAS COUTTS'S MARRIAGE (6th S. iv. 108). -If this masquerade took place in 1814, Sir Elijah Impey, the contemporary of Warren Hastings, could not have been present at it, for he died Oct. 1, 1809, and was buried at Hammersmith. Alumni Westmonasterienses (ed. 1852) mentions four of his sons like their father admitted into college at Westminster, and most probably one of them recited the verses referred to at Mr. Coutts's wedding. (1.) 1778, Archibald Elijah Impey (an illegitimate son), died July 9, 1831. (2.) 1794, Elijah Barwell Impey, died May 3, 1849. (3.) 1798, Hastings Impey, died Feb. 4, 1805. (4.) 1799, Edward Impey, the date of whose death is not recorded, but it is stated that he returned to England from India in 1819.

JOHN PICKFORD, M.A.

Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.

Thomas Coutts married Harriet Mellon on March 1, 1815 (see Gent. Mag., vol. lxxxv. pt. 1, p. 274). Sir Elijah Impey died on October 1, 1809 (see Memoirs of Sir Elijah Impey, Knt., by E. B. Impey, p. 413). Will MR. H. B. WHEATLEY explain to us how Sir Elijah managed to appear in St. James's Square on the occasion of Thomas Coutts's marriage? G. F. R. B.

mobs, who adopted a Hebrew term in their demands for blackmail. H. J. C. AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (6th S. iv. 469, 525).

"I slept and dreamed that Life was Beauty." Mrs. Ellen Hooper, author of these lines, about whom inquiry is made in "N. & Q." at the above references, was a beautiful and accomplished lady of Boston, U.S., wife of Dr. R. W. Hooper, and daughter of William Sturgis, a well-known Boston merchant of the last called the Dial, which was published by the so-called generation. They were first printed in the magazine Boston "Transcendentalists," and at one time edited by Mr. Emerson. They may be found in the number for July, 1840, on the same age with Mr. Emerson's wellknown poem The Problem; but the volumes of the Dial whether any other verses of Mrs. Hooper's were ever are now scarce and difficult to procure. I do not know published, but I believe a small volume of her poems was printed for private circulation after her death. She died many years ago. ASTERISK.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. James Mill: a Biography. By Alexander Buin, LL.D. (Longmans & Co.) John Stuart Mill: a Criticism. With Personal RecolJAMES MILL's name will, we may safely predict, be a lections. (Same author and publishers.) familiar one in the mouths of students of English thought for ages yet to come. He was not, in any sense, a great thinker-in fact, it would be admitted by those who belong to the same school as he did that he added but very little to the common stock-but he was a remarkably clear expositor, and was ever ready to give labour to the cause he loved. The amount of carefully reasoned matter that proceeded from his pen was great. Prof. Bain has abstracted much that he wrote, but we believe that there are many papers of his which were contributed to the periodical literature of the time that will never be identified. The present writer is very far apart from the elder Mill in matters of philosophy, and would, peradventure, be no just judge of some parts of his system. A man must, however, be indeed a bitter political partisan who does not admire the devotion, absolutely single-minded as it was, that led Mill to give so large a share of his time to political work for what he thought the good of his fellow men. In most cases experience has shown him to be right. In the instances where there is still a difference of opinion, a large body of the wisest and the best of our own time would affirm that Mill's views were, if not correct, as nearly so as they well could be with the amount of knowledge then on hand. Mill's commonplace-books are in the London Library. We think that they ought to be printed, if not in full, at from well-known books, but it would be of service to least in copious abstract. The extracts are commonly know what incidents and passages struck him as especially noteworthy.

The volume devoted to his illustrious son, John Stuart Mill, is of different texture to the former one. Here Prof. Bain can speak as a witness as well as a student. We are too near his hero to judge him properly. The Whenever time for a standard biography is not yet. from the professor's pages. That they are in some sort that work is undertaken, its writer will draw largely one sided the author would hardly deny. We do not think that the change of view without change of front,

if we may use an expression so little intelligible, which marked John Stuart Mill's speculations has been sufficiently brought out. A study of the various editions of the Political Economy would show this clearly, but it would be a laborious and perhaps not very remunerative task. Like his father, the younger Mill was an enthusiast in such work as he thought would benefit his fellow men; but, unlike him, he had an imaginative side to his nature which was deep, if not brilliant; both seem to have been deficient in the faculty for enjoying the great drama of history, and when they touched upon it, spoke much as an unmusical man might do if he criticized the works of some great composer.

The Thames: Oxford to London. Twenty etched plates. By David Law. (Bell & Sons.)

THE modern art-lover has considerable advantages over his predecessor of fifty years ago. It is not so much that he can get his art cheap, but he can also get it unadulterated. There is no need for him to depend upon a middleman; he may go to the artist himself. The popularity of etching makes the intervention of the lineengraver needless; and there are a dozen processes which are practically infallible as compared with facsimile work on wood. This delightful volume of Mr. Law's is a case in point. The little head and tail pieces reproduce with absolute accuracy the freedom and spirit of the original pen-sketches, while in the etchings themselves every dot and scratch is an authentic record of the accomplished needle that set them down. How accomplished that needle is Mr. Law's admirers do not require to be told; and this admirable series of riverain landscapes cannot but increase their number. For tender skies and fading distances, for lovely water lights and shadows, for curving banks and willowy borders, for all those indefinable effects that go to make up the peculiarly restful charm of an English landscape, it would be hard to find his equal. As was once said of Walter Scott, each of his efforts seems the best. We turn from Cookham to Cliveden, from Windsor to Eton, from Goring to Bisham, from Bray to Mapledurham, only to be still undecided; and when we have exhausted the etchings, we have still the head-pieces to admire. For graceful suggestiveness the little croquis of the "Swan Inn' at Pangbourne " and "Cleve Lock" would shame many an ambitious canvas. Nor must we leave the text without a word. The duty of describer in these cases is not an enviable one. If he says too much he is intrusive; if he says too little he is inept. Mr. Dullea may be congratulated on having hit the happy medium, and contributed to the completeness of what is one of the most satisfactory art books of the present season.

The Brain and its Functions. By J. Luys. International Scientific Series. (Kegan Paul, Trench & Co.) A WORK by one of the most accomplished of modern physiologists on a subject that is especially his own, and that subject among the most difficult and complex in the whole circle of human knowledge, cannot be adequately criticized in any space which we have at our disposal. It is a book, in the first place, for experts; but many of us who have no special knowledge of the subjects of which Dr. Luys treats will find the greater part of the book most instructive reading. The earlier pages can only be understood fully by the professional anatomist, but much of the latter part of the volume may be clearly comprehended by any one of ordinary education who will be at the trouble of mastering a somewhat pedantic terminology. We like the book so very much, and have derived so large a quantity of new knowledge from it, that we shrink from finding fault; but we should neglect a duty which we owe to our mother tongue if we did not

record our protest against certain long and learned words, whose places might have easily been supplied by shorter ones, which would at once have conveyed a meaning. The chapter on dreams is remarkably instructive; to the non-professional reader it will, perhaps, be the most instructive in the book. That dreams are the result of our waking experiences has long been known or surmised; but how they come to be what they are has, we believe, never been so clearly and accurately explained before. The chapters on personality are also of great value.

Liste Provisoire de Bibliographies Géographiques Spéciales. Par James Jackson. (Paris.) THIS list, published by Mr. Jackson for the Société de Géographie, of which he is the "archiviste" and librarian, comprises 1,177 articles. Its object is to give the titles, &c., of every known bibliography (whether published separately or as part of a large work) of geographical works relating to every country in the world save Great Britain and the French and German speaking lands. The reasons assigned for this omission are the enormous mass of documents relating to these lands, and the fact that they can be easily consulted. Mr. Jackson seems to have paid special attention to the publications or MS. collections of American writers, and warmly acknowledges the aid he has received from them while engaged in his arduous labours. A full table of contents and an excellent index will greatly contribute to the usefulness of this work, which, though issued in so modest a form, is a product of genuine research and enthusiasm. We recommend it to the attention of the Index Society.

WE have received from Mr. Bentley his reprint of Destiny; or, the Chief's Daughter, by Miss Ferrier.

MR. ELLIOT STOCK will shortly publish Historic Notices of the Borough of Flint, by Mr. Henry Taylor, Deputy Constable of Flint Castle. The work will contain much curious information concerning local usages, drawn from charters and official documents, and will be illustrated by fac-similes and woodcuts.

Notices to Correspondents.

MR. JAMES HOOPER, 3, Claude Villas, Denmark Hill, S.E., writes: "I shall be most happy to correspond with MR. R. POOLE HOOPER, and perhaps can find some data for him if he will send me his address."

E. P. EVANS.-We should advise you to write to the editor of Church Bells.

R. L. O'BEIRNE.-Apply to the authorities at Somerset House.

L'HOMME ROUGE.-Young, Night Thoughts, Night i. 1. 1.

H. P. FARNWORTH.-Apply to the publishers.

J. H. C.-We do not remember to have received it. P. (New York).-We never heard it.

W. RENDLE. We shall be glad to have the list. CORRIGENDUM.-P. 115, col. 1, 1. 6 from bottom, for "forte" read sorte.

NOTICE.

Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries ""-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"-at the Office, 20, Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C.

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