in common with other peers, knights, esquires, &c., and these ultimately received official recognition. There is accordingly no more right on the part of modern bishops to assume arms than on that of any other individual. FREDERICK E. SAWYER. Brighton. "BEDWARDINE" (6th S. v. 208).-" Bedwardin, B., from bais-dwr-din, the ford of the water camp. Ex.: Bedwardin (Worc.).". Flavell Edmunds's Traces of History in the Names of Places (London, 1869), p. 137. HIRONDELLE. VIGORN will find much information on this word of doubtful derivation and meaning if he will consult Allies's Antiquities and Folk-lore of Worcestershire (second edit.), p. 263, or Nash's Worcestershire, vol. ii. p. 319. J. B. WILSON. Knightwick. MRS. MASHAM AND SARAH, DUCHESS OF MARLBOROUGH (6th S. v. 248, 293).-The story of the gloves which caused the fall of Marlborough is fully told in the life of Anne, in Agnes Strickland's Lives of the Queens of England. The rumour that Voltaire heard was founded on truth. M. N. G. MEMORIES OF THE BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR (6th S. iv. 503; v. 11, 257).—Dr. William Beatty (not Beattie), who was with Lord Nelson when he died, was physician of Greenwich Hospital from 1822 to 1839, when he retired from that office. He was knighted in 1831 and died in 1842. In 1825 he published an Authentic Narrative of the Death of Lord Nelson. F. H. CHARLES II.'S HIDING PLACES (6th S. iv. 207, 498, 522; v. 28, 73, 173, 196).—I am glad that E. H. M. has drawn attention (ante, p. 196) to the story of Charles II. and Mrs. Geere. The Gentleman's Magazine for 1730 states that there were then in Brighton (Brighthelmstone) "several persons who boasted descent from that prince [Charles II.], who, as Dryden wrote, 'Scatter'd his Maker's image broadcast o'er the land""! Are there similar stories in connexion with the "merry monarch's" other hiding places? If MR. SCOTT refers to Mr. Evershed's paper in vol. xviii. (p. 123) of the Sussex Archaeological Collections, he will see that the story of the king's sojourn at Southwick (or Portslade) as described by him (6th S. iv. 522) is mythical. FREDERICK E. SAWYER. Brighton. RICHARD BROCKLESBY: MUSIC AS MEDICINE (6th S. v. 245, 293).-A notice of Dr. Brocklesby and his pamphlet is a desideratum in Mr. Grove's admirable Dictionary of Music and Musicians. There is a good account of him in Chalmers's Biographical Dictionary, where it is said :— NICK-NACKATORY (6th S. v. 207).—Nick-nack, another form of knick-knack, is a reduplication of knack, an early instance of the use of which is to be found in the Pedlar's description of his wares in The Four P. P. (? 1540), Dodsley's O. E. Plays, i. 349 (ed. Hazlitt): "Needles, thread, thimble, shears, and all such knacks." The word also occurs more than once in Shakespeare. Knick-knack is used by Beaumont and Fletcher in The Loyal Subject, II. i. (licensed 1618): "But if ye use these knick-knacks. This fast and loose, with faithful men and honest, Ash (1775) gives "Knick-knacketary (adj., a cant To furnish your nick-nackatory."' Sir C. Hanbury Williams to Sir Hans Sloane (Williams's Works, 1822, vol. i. p. 129). He explains the term as "a curiosity shop; a museum of curiosities." The Rev. T. L. O. Davies, in his Supplementary English Glossary, quotes the earliest example of the use of the word, so far as I know, "For my part I keep a knicknackatory or toy-shop" (T. Brown, Works, ii. 15). Cardiff, F. C. BIRKBECK TERRY. 56, Vauxhall Bridge Road, S.W. AUTHORS OF Books WANTED (6th S. v. 209, 239, 259).— The Grounds and Occasions of the Contempt of the Clergy, &c.-I cannot explain the meaning of the initials "T. B." which are appended to Dr. Eachard's letter on entitled Some Observations upon the Answer to an the above subject, and to "a second letter to R. L.," Enquiry into the Grounds and Occasions, &c., with some Additions, dated " May 2, 1671." That Eachard was the author of those letters, and that the edition of 1670 is the first of the former of them, are, however, unquestionable. T. Davies, in "Some Account of the Life and Writings of the Author," prefixed to the 12mo. edition of 1670 he published his celebrated work, called The Grounds Eachard's collected productions, 1774, writes:- "In and Occasions of the Contempt of the Clergy and Religion Enquired into. It was attacked by an anonymous writer the following year, in An Answer to a Letter of Enquiry into the Grounds, &c., and by Barnabas Oley and several others, and amongst the rest the famous Dr. John Owen, in a preface to some sermons by W. Bridge. Eachard replied to the first in Some Observations upon an Answer to his Enquiry, and in a few letters, printed at the end of his book, entitled, Mr. Hobbs's State of Nature considered; in a Dialogue between Philautus and Timothy,' he took notice of the rest of his opponents," pp. 5, 6. The dialogue is introduced by an "Epistle Dedicatory" to Archbishop Sheldon, dated "Decemb. 10, 1671," and signed "J. E.," in which the writer observes: "I hope my Dialogue will not find the less acceptance with your Grace for those Letters which follow after for although some are loth to believe the first Letters to be innocent and useful (being a little troublesome and uneasie to their own humour), yet your Grace, I hope, is satisfied that the Author of them did heartily herein study the credit and advantage of the Church, and that our Clergy would certainly be better reputed and more serviceable, were it possible they all could be as learned and as bountiful as your Grace." The foregoing extract is made from the third edition of the Dialogue, "To which," says the title, "are added five letters [signed "T. B."] from the author of the Grounds and Occasions," &c., London, 1685. J. FULLER RUSSELL, F.S.A.' (6th S. v. 209, 279). that even the omission of a ceremony, or the change of a single word in an ancient prayer, may have been intended as a protest against error or a defence of the truth. Hence he deduces the importance of the minuto study of ancient ritual. When Mr. Maskell first issued this work the science of liturgiology was but in its infancy, so far as English Churchmen were concerned. He quotes a series of amusing blunders of some of the commentators on the Book of Common Prayer, such as that of White Kennet, who says that a Missal" contained all the offices of devotion," and that the Canon " was the rules of the order of any religious house, and was generally bound up with the obituary or necrologium." He does not hesitate to apply the phrase "egregious nonsense" to such notes as these, nor to say of such expositors that, "ignorant themselves, they were at least not mistaken in relying on their belief that they were supposed to be teaching people who, still more ignorant, would innocently be satisfied to adopt their explanations' Strong language, but really not too strong for some of those whose marvellous blunders are here exposed. If Mr. Maskell is severe upon the blunders of others, at least he does not spare himself, as, for example, at p. clxi, where he says, "I leave in the text what was written nearly forty years ago, as an example of the amount of error likely at any time to come from mere guessing." The errors indicated are, it is only fair to say, very venial. A Tour in Quest of Genealogy, &c.-On the title-page But let us hasten to lay before our readers a few of the of a copy of the above work in my possession is written, valuable additions which Mr. Maskell has made in this in pencil, the following note, which apparently confirms present issue. He tells us that there is good reason to the name of the author and also the fact of his friend- believe that the magnificent leaf of an ivory diptych in ship with Sir Richard Hoare:-"Written by my late the British Museum, with the standing figure of an archfriend Mr. Fenton, the Pembrokeshire Barrister and the angel upon it, formed the cover of one of the books particular friend of Sir Richard Hoare, Bart.-R. brought to England by St. Augustine (p. xv). A remarkLLWYD." Possibly the writer of this note may be identi-able deed for the manumission of a bondwoman, which fied by some one amongst your correspondents. Miscellaneous. F. A. TOLE. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. Monumenta Ritualia Ecclesiæ Anglicana: the Occasional Offices of the Church of England according to the old Use of Salisbury, the Prymer in English, and other Prayers and Forms. With Dissertations and Notes by William Maskell, M.A. Second Edition. 3 vols. (Oxford, Clarendon Press.) THE first edition of this very important work was printed by Pickering in 1846 and 1847 in that beautiful typography for which the Chiswick Press became illustrious. It must be admitted, however, that the new edition can fairly compete with its predecessor. It is admirably printed, and both in paper and presswork leaves hardly anything to be desired. The additions made to the work in this new issue are very large and important, extending as they do to more than two hundred pages, text and notes alike having been greatly enriched. As the space at our disposal is too limited to allow of a full notice of the whole work, we have taken the first volume of the first edition and the first volume of the second, and, placing them side by side, have examined very minutely, page by page, the two editions. The second and third volumes have been also carefully examined, but we limit ourselves almost entirely to the first volume in the present notice. Many of the additions are of very high interest. Mr. Maskell is an enthusiast in his special branch of liturgiology; he points out that every prayer said, and every act done, by bishop, priest, or deacon, has a real and special meaning, as an act of faith, or as a symbol" of church teaching; and was in the church chest at Stratton, in Cornwall, in 1845, is no longer to be found there: fortunately, a transcript of it finds place in Mr. Maskell's pages. (p. xxiii). A singular example of the jealousy with which cathedral chapters guarded their documents from public view will be found at p. 1. The Dean and Chapter of Exeter lent to Mr. Maskell in 1845 one of their manuscripts, but fearing, he says, "I know not what, fastened together a number of leaves which had reference (as was supposed) to their existing statutes, and laid me under a promise not to read them." A great change has passed over the cathedrals of England since 1845-a wave of new, warm life has flowed through them; documents once watched with Argus jealousy are now pub lished with the greatest frankness, and the long-hidden pages of capitular history are freely committed to the press. A curious instance of the rapidity with which the very names of the ancient service books dropped out of memory will be found at p. lv. Evelyn was astonished to see a Missale secundum Usum Sarum and to find it "exceeding voluminous"; he defines the Pica mentioned in the preface to the Book of Common Prayer to be "the Greek Calendarium." And yet Evelyn, born in 1620, had probably spoken with persons who were alive when the Pica was still in use. The Pica, it appears, was often chained to stalls in cathedral and abbey churches, being a book constantly to be referred to for the order of the divine office (p. Ivi). At p. lxxiv mention is made of a custom in England in the Middle Ages for the priest to kiss the feet of the figure of the Crucified Redeemer represented in the illumination which occurs at the Canon of the Mass, or, at least, to kiss a plain cross drawn on the lower margin of the page. Traces of this osculation may often be observed, the lower part of the picture or cross being almost obliterated. Sometimes the T of the "Te igitur" straight from the Percy Folio, to a book-fancy like was kissed in like manner. Book lovers will rejoice at the story of the discovery of a perfect copy of the Hereford Missal about the year 1854, in an old house at Bristol, amongst some books belonging to the two or three members of the Franciscan order still remaining in England. The Hereford Missal is one of the rarest of rare books-only four copies in all are known; and this, the only perfect copy, was found lying open on the floor, the accumulated dust of years Covering the two exposed leaves. Happily the rest of the book is quite clean, large, and in excellent condition. It is now in the British Museum (p. lxxxv). The use of the Breviary as a book upon which an oath could be taken (p. c) may be new to some readers, though Chaucer's monk says, "Rabelais" or a verse-vignette like the "Nymph of Arcadie." In "Little Boy" he speaks with the very voice and accent of that other poet and painter who wrote the wondrous "Tiger, tiger, burning bright"; in "Cupid among the Maidens," again, the song seems fragrant of "some dropping April"-"Dionæo sub antro"-with Walter Savage Landor. Playful or plaintive, picturesque or vivid, every mood has found him vocal; and the result is a series of verses which may supply its fitting message to the grey twilight or the all-golden afternoon. "J'ai pris la vie par sa côté poétique" can Mr. Scott say with the dead savan Woepke. And life, it may be added, has been more beneficent to him than to most men, for he has found beauty in many places, and neglected it in none. "For on my portos here I make an oath." LITERATURE, like misfortune, makes us acquainted with If we have any regret in the perusal of these noble volumes, it is that the words found in the preface to the first edition can no longer find place in the second: "I was satisfied I was but uttering the doctrine of the Church of England, in which I am a Priest." No Church can afford to lose without sorrow so learned a son. We have but culled a few of the treasures added in this new edition of the first volume only. Space compels us to say, "Ex uno disce omnes." We cordially recommend these most valuable volumes, now reprinted at so very moderate a cost. A Poet's Harvest Home: being One Hundred Short THE May and June numbers of Mr. Walford's new Antiquarian Magazine will contain some papers by the Rev. F. K. Harford, Minor Canon of Westminster, on the origin of our National Anthem, which he has traced back to a Latin anthem sung in the Chapel Royal, St. James's, in the time of the Stuarts. Another paper on some doubtful poets of the sixteenth century will be contributed by Archdeacon Hannah. THE May number of the Law Magazine and Review will contain an article by Mr. Frederick Pollock on "Early English Land Laws," in continuation of his contribution to the February number; and an article by Mr. Charles Stubbs on 66 Suzerainty: Medieval and Modern." (reviewed in "N. & Q., ante, p. 319) are Messrs. Griffith THE London publishers of Bristol: Past and Present & Farran, St. Paul's Churchyard. Notices to Correspondents. H. S. P. (Edgbaston).-The reply, ante, p. 316, was in type before yours reached us. See also ante, p. 239. E. W. (Market Deeping).-We have not yet received your three papers. W. D. (Hintlesham Rectory).-See ante, pp. 112, 170, 251. A. W. (Univ. Coll., London).-Yes. NOTICE. 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