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HOLLOWAY'S OINTMENT and PILLS.-In

all outward complaints a desperate effort should be made to at once remove these annoying infirmities, and of establishing a cure. The remarkable remedies discovered by Professor Holloway will satis factorily accomplish this desirable result, without any of those dangers or drawbacks which attend the old method of treating ulcerative inflammations, scrofulous affections, and scorbutic annoyances. The most timid invalids may use both the Ointment and Pills with the utmost safety with certain success, provided a moderate attention be bestowed on their accompanying "Directions." Both the preparations soothe, heal, and purify. The one assists the other most materially in effecting oures and renewing strength by helping exhausted nature just when she needs such succour.

LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 28, 1882.

CONTENTS.-N° 109.

Authors Wanted, 70.

NOTES:-The Balliol and Valoines Families and the Office
of Chamberlain of Scotland, 61-Bacon's Essex-Sonnet, and
Thomson's Essay "On Renascence Drama, or History made
Visible," 62-Early Appreciation of Burns-An Elizabethan
Prayer Book, 63-Wassailing in Gloucestershire-Hooper
Family: Barbadoes, 64- Words and Phrases in the Far
West-Marot's Psalms, 65-Old Laws, &c., of Virginia-The
Ace of Spades in Bygone Days-The Philological Society's
New English Dictionary, 66.
QUERIES:-Hogarth's only Landscape-"The Contrast:
Right and Wrong," 67-Sir Christopher Wren's Sisters-Jan
Van Venloo-Gentles: Mudwall-Rhedarium in Park Lane
-Stubbs Family-Lord Brittas-" Alkermes": "Gahotas"
Costanus-Jean, &c.-Green-hastings, 68-Assize of Bread
Rev. Mr. Leane-Bellars Family Eboracum-Dedication of
Church Bells-John Logan-Gillray's Masterpiece, 69-
REPLIES:-The Museum Reading Room Authorship of
Imitatio Christi," 70-Jennet, 71-Old Marble Slab in St.
Margaret's Churchyard-Bad Copy and Good Printers, 72-
Jeremiah Clarke-"Tennis"-Elvaston Castle-Charles II.'s
Hiding Places, 73-"Hip, Hip, Hurrah!"-Irish Popular
Ballads-The "Catholicon Anglicum "-Halkett and Laing's
"Dictionary of Anonymous and Pseudonymous Literature,"
74-Picture of St. John by Murillo-Kings of Cornwall-
Death of Edward of Lancaster-Blood-guiltiness-"Con-
trived"-Worn out-Swift and T. Adams-Warton's Ballad,
"The Turnip-Hoer," 75-"Pomatum "_"Such which"
"Carriage" for " Baggage"-Heraldic Anomaly-Rule of
the Road-Folk-lore of Eggs-Wiltshire Provincialisms, 76
-R. Turner and Teetotalism-The Devil and the best Hymn
Tunes - "Bred and born "Cut over"-Conversion of
Family Names, 77-A Fencing Match in Marylebone Fields
"Sate" for Sat"-"Joseph and his Brethren," &c., 78
Fish-hooks-Provincial Fairs-Authors Wanted, &c., 79.
NOTES ON BOOKS:-Hahn's "Tsui Goam, the Supreme
Being of the Hottentots"-Colvin's "Landor"-Masson's
"De Quincey "-Asbjörnsen's "Round the Yule Log," &c.

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Notes.

THE BALLIOL AND VALOINES FAMILIES AND THE OFFICE OF CHAMBERLAIN OF SCOTLAND.

In the current number of Dr. G. W. Marshall's Genealogist there is an elaborate paper by Mr. J. A. C. Vincent on Sir Alexander de Balliol of Cavers and the Barony of Valoynes. It is drawn up with careful references to undoubted original authorities, and proves beyond question that this personage, who has been strangely called by many writers, and even by Dugdale, a brother of John de Balliol, King of Scotland, was not so related; and this by the exhaustive process of showing from John de Balliol's own claim to the Scottish crown, laid before Edward I. at Norham in 1291, that his three elder brothers, Hugh, Alan, and Alexander, had all died without issue. The author of the above paper, indeed, goes further, and shows that Alexander Balliol of Cavers (and of Chilham in right of his wife, the Dowager Countess of Athol) was the son of Henry de Balliol and Lora his wife, who, with their elder son, Guy de Balliol, were dead in 1272, and in whose right he was a landowner in Norfolk and some adjoining counties. From my own knowledge of the records during this period, I may observe that, except Alexander,

the brother of King John, who died in 1278, there is no Alexander de Balliol known in the reign of Henry III. or Edward I. other than Alexander of Cavers (or Chilham). But the paper chiefly interested me as tending to throw some light on the succession of the early Chamberlains of Scotland. Mr. Burnett, the learned editor of the new edition of the Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, now in progress under the sanction of H.M. Treasury (vol. ii., Appendix to Preface, p. cxvii), intimates, while giving a list of these officers, the paucity of accurate evidence respecting them. He names (among others) Walter de Berkeley of Inverkeiller and Redcastle, 1165-89; Philip de Valoniis, Lord of Panmure, 1196-1215; William de Valoniis, also Lord of Panmure, 1215-19; and Henry de Balliol, 1223-29, and again, 1241-46; and (after a considerable lapse of time) Alexander de Balliol of Cavers, son of Henry de Balliol, formerly Chamberlain, between 1287 and 1294. Now there was a relationship among these successive chamberlains, which Mr. Burnett states with some unavoidable defects, capable of being now amended from the authorities cited in Mr. Vincent's paper, and others to which these lead. Mr. Burnett says:

But

"The daughter of Walter de Berkeley married Ingel ram de Balliol [younger brother of Bernard Balliol, the great-grandfather of John Balliol, the vassal king]; the daughter and heir of William de Valoniis married Sir Peter Maule, and carried the lands of Panmure to her husband's family. Henry de Balliol [perhaps younger son of Ingelram de Balliol and the daughter of Walter of Berkeley, the chamberlain] married Lora, sister of William de Valoniis, his predecessor in office." Now these last two marriages are correct to this extent, that Peter Maule and Henry de Balliol married two ladies surnamed de Valoniis. these ladies were not niece and aunt, they were sisters, and had a third sister, and all three were great heiresses, as is abundantly clear from the English records. Lora, who, being named first, would seem to have been the eldest, married Henry de Balliol, who, besides his own property in Scotland, acquired through her lands in Hertfordshire, Essex, and Norfolk. Isabella married David Comyn, to whom she brought Kilbride, in Scotland, and lands in the above counties; and Christiana, the wife of Peter de Maudune, or Maunle (his name is spelled in half a dozen ways in the records), no doubt brought the Scottish lordship of Panmure as her portion, besides a share of the barony of Valoynes in England. From the early date at which they were married (about 1215) these three ladies were probably sisters rather than daughters of the last chamberlain of the name of Valoines, William, who, according to Mr. Burnett, died about 1219. The history of their succession to the honour of Valoynes must be elucidated by some one more familiar than I am with that family. But I think there can be little doubt that Alexander de Balliol, afterwards

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BACON'S ESSEX-SONNET, AND THOMSON'S ESSAY "ON RENASCENCE DRAMA, OR HISTORY MADE VISIBLE," 1881.

The latter is the mysterious title of the first of two publications by a Melbourne surgeon, having one and the same object, to establish the Baconian authorship of Shakespeare. With the author's special craze I have no desire to meddle. "Thought is free," and it is not always easy to draw a hard and fast line separating fact from fiction, or a speculation from a practical joke. But all the same it is our bounden duty to safeguard history and biography, whenever the established facts of either are seriously assailed; and for the nonce I take Mr. Thomson's speculation au sérieux. I venture, then, once more, to expose and refute a gross misstatement of fact, for which the author has at least the poor excuse that he has been (apparently) misled by as culpable a misstatement on the part of another author, now no longer among us; viz., Mr. Hepworth Dixon.

On p. 114 of Mr. Thomson's book he quotes from Bacon (but more suo without any kind of reference) an allusion to a sonnet written by Bacon himself, and adds, "This sonnet has never been found amongst Bacon's papers." On p. 112 this is called "the sonnet written by Bacon in 1600." On the basis of these baseless assumptions Mr. Thomson erects the monstrous theory "( that Bacon's [sonnet] and the Sonnets [of Shakespeare] were one"; in other words that Bacon prepared the entire book of sonnets published in 1609 as Shakespeare's (or, at least, the major part of them) for the express purpose of restoring Essex to the favour of Queen Elizabeth. Anything so absurd and monstrous, and also so contrary to all evidence, I should not condescend to dispute; and on the present occasion I write solely in the cause of Bacon, leaving Shakespeare to shuffle for himself, if need be, resting assured that no sophistry will ever disturb the aureole of glory which rests on his majestic head.

All Mr. Thomson's statements are incorrect. First, the sonnet alluded to is extant, in a handwriting of the latter part of the sixteenth century (or a little later), and is preserved in the Record Office; secondly, it has been several times printed (as in Lives of the Earls of Essex, ii. 501; Spedding's Letters and Life of Lord Bacon, i. 388-9, and in both editions of Judge Holmes's work on The Authorship of Shakespeare); and, thirdly, it was not written in 1600, but is proved to have existed before Michaelmas, 1599, and therefore before the

preparations for Raleigh's second expedition to Guiana.

Here is the sonnet referred to by Bacon in his Apology concerning the Earl of Essex, and therefore the sonnet on the absence of which Mr. Thomson founds his theory :

"Seated between the Old World and the New,
A land there is no other land may touch,
Where reigns a Queen in peace and honour true;
Stories or fables do describe no such.
Never did Atlas such a burden bear,
As she, in holding up the world opprest;
Supplying with her virtue everywhere
Weakness of friends, errors of servants best.
No nation breeds a warmer blood for war,
And yet she calms them by her majesty:
No age hath ever wits refined so far,
And yet she calms [? charms or shames] them by her
policy:

To her thy son must make his sacrifice
If he will have the morning of his eyes."

Spedding prints it in its place as part of the Attendant's speech in the Entertainment of the Indian Prince, but, mystified by Dixon, leaves the "device" (where he found it) among the manuscripts of 1594-5. But he does so with his eyes documents in the State Paper Office [now removed open, for he writes, "The modern arranger of the to the Record Office], being obliged to place the 17th November, 1595......The entertainment........... 'device' somewhere, fixed upon the He then shows how, by a process of evolution, was drawn up by Bacon for the Earl of Essex." Dixon's utterly erroneous account and the State Paper docket grew out of the fact that the "device" is undated, and does not appear in Nichol's Progresses.

undated

As to the "device" itself, it wholly concerns Essex, and apparently not Raleigh. Essex is "Seeing Love," in the character of an Indian his sight on being presented to the queen. At prince who was born blind, and who recovers the conclusion of the Attendant's speech are these words, "Since in his blindness he hath chanced so well as to fix his affections in the most excellent place, let him now by his sight find out the most ready way." In the part of the speech which precedes the sonnet there are unmistakable allusions to Essex's career. The country governed by the prince's father and the Castilian Amazons, seems to be an allusion to Ireland. Who nation, though located near the source of the dant I am not able to discover, nor yet the supwere to act the parts of the Squire and the Attenposed compliment to Raleigh."

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From 1599 we find no reference to this sonnet

till we come to Bacon's Apology (Spedding, vol. iii. 149). Here we read :

middle of Michaelmas term, her Majesty had a purpose "A little before that time [1599], being about the to dine at my lodge at Twickenham Park, at which time I had (though I profess not to be a poet) prepared a

sonnet directly tending and alluding to draw on her Majesty's reconcilement to my Lord, which I remember also I shewed to a great person and one of my Lord's nearest friends, who commended it; this, though it be (as I said) but a toy, yet it shewed plainly in what spirit I proceeded, and that I was ready not only to do my Lord good offices, but to publish and declare myself for him," &c.

By Bacon's own account the sonnet was not used; so it was never any part of the device performed at York House or at Richmond in 1595.

Athenæum Club.

C. M. INGLEBY.

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EARLY APPRECIATION OF BURNS.-In Scotland, and wherever in the world a leal Scot is to be found, there is a rush of enthusiasm in honour of Robert Burns on every 25th of January. It is curious at such a time to come upon No. 97 of Henry Mackenzie's Lounger, and read there what is described in the table of contents as an Extraordinary Account of Robert Burns, the Ayrshire Ploughman; with extracts from his Poems." The Man of Feeling is confident that he is introducing to his readers a man of unusual genius, "whose poetry," he says, "considered abstractedly, and without the apologies arising from his situation, seems to me fully entitled to command our feelings and to obtain our applause." He is somewhat apologetic for the dialect in which most of the poems are written; but he is glad to say that some of them, "especially those of the grave style, are almost English." This leads him to quote several stanzas from the Vision, in which he is sure his readers will discover " a high tone of feeling, a power and energy of expression, particularly and strongly characteristic of the mind and the voice of a poet." Despite difficulties of dialect, To a Mountain Daisy is quoted entire, the true and appreciative critic hinting that this is no better than many more of the pieces in the volume from which he quotes, though it happens to suit the length of his paper. Curiously enough, he does not seem to have been specially impressed by The Cottar's Saturday Night, which is simply named along with several others. But the criticism, on the whole, is penetrating and just; and the paper reaches a fine climax in an appeal to the nation to do something for Burns, in order to prevent him from seeking "under a West-Indian clime that shelter and support which Scotland has denied him." The date of this appeal was Dec. 9, 1786, and the paper is probably the first worthy

criticism of Burns.

THOMAS BAYNE.

AN ELIZABETHan Prayer Book.—A curious Prayer Book of Queen Elizabeth's time lies before me, and I think it worth describing for the benefit of the readers of "N. & Q.," some of whom may be able to throw more light on it than I am able to do in the absence of a title-page. The book is a

quarto, and in its present state consists of sixteen leaves, A to B in eights (a iiij, printed B iiij by mistake), printed in a small, good black-letter type, at Cawood's press. The title and preliminary matter (with a separate set of signatures) are missing, as also is the top portion of Aj, which should contain "The Order where Mornyng and Evening prayer shall be used and said," with the corresponding Rubric and the Ornaments Rubric. The Matins and Evensong are the same as in the folio edition of 1561, except that in the title of "Benedicite omnia opera domini domino" the last two words are omitted, and to the title of "Benedictus" are added "dominus deus." In Evensong it is "Our Father," &c., instead of "Our Father which art in heaven," &c.; and instead of "Or els this Psalme," with a side note, "Cantate domino,' Psalm xcviij," it has "Or the xcviij Psalme, 'Cantate domino canticum novum, quia mirabilia fecit.' And, again, instead of the same rubric with a corresponding side-note, it has, "Or this Psalme, Deus misereatur nostri,' in Englysh." Before the Creed of St. Athanasius the words Quicunque vult" are omitted. The "Letanye" has for its O initial a naked boy whipping a top. Before the "Prayer for the Queenes Maiestie" comes the following rubric :

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"After the ende of the Collecte in the Letanie whyche begynneth with these wordes, We humbly beseche thee the Mynister, wyth the answer of the people." O Father, &c., shall folowe thys Paalme to be sayd of Then the Psalm "Benedixisti Domine" (lxxxv.) is set out in full. After the Prayer "In the tin'e of any commen plague or sickenes" follows the Prayer of St. Chrysostom a second time (apparently in error for the prayer " O God whose nature and propertie," &c.); and then, without any new heading, "The fyrst Sunday in Aduent" follows; and in the line below "At the Communion," "The Collect," which formula is repeated after "The Second Sunday," and so on for all the Sundays and holy days. After the "Collect for the Twentyfifth Sunday after Trinity" follows a heading,

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The

Certayne Collectes to be sayde at the Communion upon Sainctes dayes." The Gospels and Epistles and their references are omitted. Communion Service is wholly omitted. But after the "Collect for All Saints" follow "The Collectes for the Quene," taken from that service, and the Confession, preceded by a rubric, "A generall Confession to be made before we receyue the holy Communion," and followed by a rubric, "A prayer to be sayd before the receyuing of the holy Communion," which is the Prayer for humble access.”

Rubric, "A thankesgeuyng vnto God, after the receauyng of the holy Communion." This is the collect, "Almighty and euerlasting God, we most hartely thanke thee," &c. (slightly varied from the 1561 book).

Rubric, "The blessyng at the departure of the people," ," "The peace of God," &c.

Rubric, "Collectes to be sayde after the Offertory, when there is no Communion." These are the six collects from the Post Communion. Post Communion rubrics are all omitted.

The

So the Communion Service is treated as pertaining to another book (a missal), and we might almost suppose that these prayers were intended as a companion to the altar, a help to the unlearned while the mass was being said in Latin, if it were not that the book is bound up with a Bible, printed in the same type, which is evidently the Bible of 1569, No. 32 in Lea Wilson's list, and no doubt gives the date of the Prayer Book. The Bible begins (as the three Cawood 1569 Bibles do in Lea Wilson) on folio A j, without first title or prolegomena. The volume belongs to Mrs. Hayley, of Catsfield Place, Sussex.

St. Dunstan's, Regent's Park.

HENRY H. GIBBS.

WASSAILING IN GLOUCESTERSHIRE.-I have just received an account of the above, from a lady friend who is at present on the spot, which seems to me worthy of a place in "N. & Q." It appears that there they carry round not, as in Yorkshire, images of the Virgin and the children Jesus and John, but a wassail bowl, and their wassail song is very inferior, but still too characteristic to be lost. My friend sends me a sketch, and writes as follows:

The bowl is a large wooden one, with two pieces of wood arched over the top. A hole is in the centre, to allow a green bough to be inserted. The bough itself is covered with ribbons, tied on as it is carried from house to house on Christmas Eve. The bowl, of which I made a slight sketch, came to the Park on Christmas Eve, carried by two men. They sang the accompanying song, and we were expected to tie on a ribbon and to put a coin into the bowl to supply the wassail. One of the old inhabitants of Cherrington supplied me with the song, called here The Wass-ailing Song'-a decided accent on the Wass. One of our maids, who is a native of Stinchcombe, says that a very old man carries the bowl there, and that he has done so from his youth. You will see at once that some of the lines are forgotten. I should think two in the last verse have been tacked on to the other lines. I have not seen any account of this custom in any of the articles on Christmastide, so I should think it is confined to these remote villages on the Cotswolds.

*****

"P.8. Mr. B...... says it is a heathenish custom, and will have nothing to do with it:

"The Wassailing Song, as Sung at Cherrington, Gloucestershire, Dec. 24, 1881. "Wassail, wassail, all over the town, Our toast it is white, our ale it is brown; Our bowl it is made of the mapling [or rosemary] tree, With the wassailing bowl we will drink unto thee. Here is to Cherry and to her bright eye; Pray God send our mistress a good Christmas pieA good Christmas pie that we may all see, With the wassailing bowl we will drink unto thee.

Here is to Broad and to his long horn;
Pray God send our master a good crop of corn--
A good crop of corn and another of hay,
To pass the cold wintry winds away.

Here is to Whitefoot and to her long tail;
Pray God send our master a never a horse fail-
A never a horse fail that we may all see,
With the wassailing bowl we will drink unto thee.
Come, butler, fill for us a bowl of the best,
We hope your soul in heaven will rest;
But if you do fill us a bowl of the small,
Down fall butler, bowl and all.

If here is any maid in the house-I hope there is some-
Pray let not the young men stand on the cold stone,
But step to the door, and draw back the pin;
The fairest maid in the house let us all in-
Let us all in, and see how you do;
Merry boys all, and thank you too."

Bp. Hatfield's Hall, Durham.

J. T. F

HOOPER FAMILY: BARBADOES.-The following letters were copied by me, some years since, from the originals, with the permission of the late Mr. Thomas Frewen. They may be regarded as interesting reminiscences of the parties therein named, as well as of the social habits of our countrymen transplanted to the "Garden of the Antilles." Robert Hooper, the writer of Letter ii. and the subject of Letter i., was, as I take it, an offset of the Hooper stock which rooted itself circa 1555 at Boveridge, in the county of Dorset, and flourished there in affluence and honour until towards the end of the last century. I should be glad to know from what particular branch of the family tree this Robert Hooper derived his origin. (See Hutchins's History of Dorset, third edition, vol. iii.) He sealed his letter with the Hooper arms, viz., Or, on a fesse between three boars pass. az. as many annulets of the first. The person addressed by him, Mr. Richard Turner, was third son of John Turner, of Fulham, merchant, who married, 1655, Martha, daughter of John Pettiward, of Putney, Esq.; died 1669. Richard Turner died 1705, s.p. Henry Turner was his eldest brother, a serjeant-at-law; died 1724; married Mary, eldest daughter of Thomas Frewen, of Putney, M.P. for Rye, Sussex, 16781698; died 1702. The Pettiwards formed alliances with the families of Turner, Wymondswold, and Tregonwell :

LETTER I.

Daniel Richardson to Mr. Richard Turner.

Barbados, 5th November, 1694. ......I am told that John Beek presents a Petition to the Assembly against Rob. Hooper, alleadging, I think, fees taken on both sides, of which I doubt not but Mr. of the Assembly and some of the Council, as is reported, Hooper may and will clear himself; however, severall favour the Petition, or seem ready to joyn with it. The Govern' resides now for some time at Bell's plant'n (Howell and Guy's) for health's sake; I was there once and heard a Petition of John Beek and Mrs. Cleaver, agt Mr. Hooper, about a plea putt into an action of

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