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THE
NATURAL HISTORY
OF
INSECTS.
TWO VOLUMES.
VOL. I.
LONDON:
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET.
MDCCCXXIX.
Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES, Stamford Street.
IAN
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I. THE HIVE BEE.
QUEEN Bee-Her Treatment by her Subjects .
-
CHAPTER II. THE HIVE BEE.
page 1
Mode of Communication among Bees-Antipathy between rival
Queens Their Combats - Helplessness when mutilated-
Senses of Bees-Manner of discovering Bees' nests practised
by American Honey-hunters
CHAPTER III. THE HIVE BEE.
Interior Arrangements of a Bee-hive-Structure of a Comb-Form
of the Cells-Worker-Bees-Collection of Honey-Elaboration
of Wax-Bee-bread-Cleanliness of Bees
CHAPTER IV. THE HIVE BEE.
Fertility of Queen Bee-Swarming-Ventilation of the Hive-Iras-
cibility-Duels-Robberies-Defences of Bees
CHAPTER V. THE HUMBLE BEE.
Builds her own Habitation-Curious Division of Labour-Remark-
able for Good-nature and Affection for her Young-Ingenuity
in overcoming Difficulties-The Carpenter-Bee-The Mason-
Bee-The Upholsterer-Bee
CHAPTER VI. THE COMMON WASP.
The Nest-Construction and Materials-Form of the Combs-Affec-
tion for its Young-Manner of feeding them-Solitary Wasps
-Hornets
15
26
. 51
86
89
CHAPTER VII. ANTS.
Their Industry-Affection for their Young-Courage-Their Anger
-Unite in myriads for War and Extermination-The Fallow
Ants-The Sanguine Ants-The Legionary Ants-Attack other
Ants, and reduce them to Slavery
101
CHAPTER VIII. TERMITES, OR WHITE ANTS.
Their Destructiveness-Clear the ground of all dead vegetable Mat-
ter-Societies composed of four sorts of Individuals-Eaten as
Food by the Indians-Appear in countless myriads at the end
of the rainy season-Prodigious fertility of the Queen-Size,
form, and interior arrangements of their Hills-Marching
Ants.
CHAPTER IX. PARASITICAL INSECTS.
Gall Insect - Cochineal Insect-The Scarlet Colour used in
Dyeing
CHAPTER X. APHIS, OR PLANT-LOUSE.
142
161
Every Tree, every part of a Tree, has its peculiar Species-Suck
Vegetable Juices-Shelter themselves from bad Weather in
the concave parts of Leaves.
178
CHAPTER XI.
Gnat-Bug-Flea-Chigoe-Louse-Mites and Ticks-Gad-fly 194
CHAPTER XII.
Ichneumon-Fly-Its Eggs deposited in the Bodies of other Living
Insects-Deposits thirty or forty in the body of a Caterpillar
-Dragon Fly-Its Voracity-Ferocity.
215
CHAPTER XIII. THE ANT-LION.
Forms a funnel-shaped Excavation in the Sand-Uses its leg like a
Shovel to remove the Sand-Secures its Prey by Stratagem-
Its Ingenuity and Perseverance in getting rid of Impediments
-Spins a Cocoon, and is transformed into a beautiful Fly-
The LION-WORM
CHAPTER XIV. THE SPIDER.
Its Spinning Apparatus-Its Web-The Hawk-Spider-The Gar-
den-Spider-The Water-Spider-The Hunting-Spider-Gossa-
mer Spider-Fen-Spider-Attachment of the Spider to its
Young
228
239
CHAPTER XV. CATERPILLARS.
Their Singular Habits-The Grub of the Domestic Moth-Fabri-
cates a Mantle-Habits of the Field-Moth-Caddis-Worm
265
CHAPTER XVI. SOCIAL CATERPILLARS.
Move in regular Files-Form Nests lined with Silk-The "Proces-
sionary" The Leaf-rolling-The Leaf-bending-Leaf-mining
Caterpillar
CHAPTER XVII. CHRYSALIS, OR AURELIA.
Caterpillar, when about to change into a Chrysalis, fastens itself to
a Leaf or Stem-Spins a little Web-Gets rid of its old Case-
Suspends itself by a Girth or Belt formed of Silk
283
312