276. TABLE I. Showing the Number of Acres and Square Miles in each State, and the Number of Acres to each Showing the Amount of Manufactures, and the value of Houses and Lands in each post pay In Ohio Cash price Acres. per acre. Dollars. 9,000,000 125 dol. 11,250,000 10,000,000 do. 12,500,000 30,000,000 do. 37,500,000 15,000,000 do. 18,750,000 12,000,000 Missouri Alabama Mississippi Louisiana. Michigan territory North West territory Arkansaw territory 2,000,000 15,000,000 do. 18,750,000 200. REVENUE AND EXPENDITURES.- The revenue of the United States is derived chiefly from the duties on imports and tonnage, and from public lands. There is sometimes an excess of revenue over the expenditure of the office department, and some incidental receipts, but they are trifling. The government also holds 7,000,000 dollars of United States bank stock, and is entitled to draw the dividends thereon. The expenditures consist of: 1. The expenses of the civil government, being the of the members of congress, at the rate of eight dollars per day for the time they are in session, and the salaries of the presidents, heads of departments, public officers, and clerks in the several departments; judges, district attornies, and all the public officers of the United States; expense of ambassadors, foreign consuls, &c. called diplomatic; and miscellaneous expenses of different kinds. 2. Military service, including fortifications, ordnance, &c.; revolutionary, military, and Indian pensions; arming the militia, &c. 3. Naval service, including new ships of war, repairs, navy-yards, &c. 4. Interest on the Lots in the city of Washington public debt. In 1821 the revenue and expenditures were nearly as follows: 281. PUBLIC PROPERTY.-The public property consists principally of the public lands; the United States lots at Washington; the public buildings, fortifications, arsenals, arms, ships of war, &c. The aggregate is very large; but we shall confine this view to a valuation of that part only which is calculated to bring money into the public treasury. The United States hold all the unsold lands, with certain reservations, in the States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, and in the Michigan, North West, Missouri, and Arkansaw The annual interest as augmented territories.-The extent and value may be estimated as follows: will be 5,000,000 283. The following Table will show the state of an inferior branch of the Revenue, the Post Office Establishment, and its progressive Improvement, together with the Compensation paid to Post Masters, the Cost of the Transportation of the Mail, the incidental Expenses, the Nett Revenue of the Establishment, and the Extent of Post Roads in Miles, every fifth Year, from 1790 to 1820. 284. The following Tables are interesting, as they form the Balance Sheet of the Accounts of a Nation from its Origin to the Conclusion of the late War. TABLE I. Showing the Aggregate Receipts of the Treasury, from the 4th of March, 1789, to the 31st of March, 1825. 31st of March, 1815. Showing the Aggregate Expenditures of the Treasury, from the 4th of March, 1799, to the 287. The following table will illustrate the increase of the United States in snipping, exports, revenue, and population, between 1790 and 1815. 288. ARMY AND NAVY.-The peace establishment of the army of the United States did not exceed 10,000 men, who are distributed in the various fortresses on the sea coast, and on the Indian frontier. The militia, which includes all the inhabitants liable to bear arms, amounted in the returns in 1816 to 748,566. They are only called out for exercise a few days in a year; and therefore cannot be regarded as an efficient force of much importance, except in case of invasion. The navy of the United States consists of fourteen ships of the line, thirteen frigates, and twenty sloops of war, and smaller vessels, amounting in the whole to forty-seven sail. Sixteen of these were in commission in 1823. VOL. II. 289. RELIGION.-The United States present the first, and almost the only example of a nation which allows no superiority; and refuses no privilege or office on account of any religious opinion. It is not uncommon to find a Jew holding a civil office. This undistinguishing protection of all sects has not produced a greater variety of religious opinions than in other countries. Most of them are derived from England; and the few which had their origin in America, do not exceed in number or in fanaticism those which are found in Europe. The want of an establishment leads to a more open avowal of sentiment than in those countries where conformity is connected with promotion, and aids D |