him, and he presented it to the surgeon, saying, 'I have nothing else to present to you in token of my gratitude.' The surgeon took the rose, and as he did it, dropt a tear. Amidst so much that is calculated to inspire the profoundest disgust at the whole system of the Austrian prison discipline, it may be right to mention that the emperor himself, who had probably heard of the courage and resignation with which Maroncelli had borne his hard fate, specially directed that his diet during his recovery should be of the most restorative kind, and should be sent him from the kitchen of the superintendant. One would have thought that after nine years of captivity, followed up by such a scene as that we have just quoted, an instant order for his liberation would have rather "more German to the matter." But this suited not the unbending rules of state. The cure was completed in about forty days, after which Pellico and the mutilated Maroncelli, with his wooden stump and crutches, were again consigned to their old prison, improved, however, so far, by the removal of the partition which had formerly divided it from the cell once occupied by the hapless Oroboni. You do not understand me then,' said he. No, Signor. Have the goodness to explain what this favour is.' 'Liberty from both of you, and for a third, whom you will soon embrace.' One would suppose this annoucement would have thrown us into transports of joy. Yet it was not so: our hearts instantly reverted to our relations, of whom we had heard nothing for so long a period, and the doubt that we might never meet them again to neutralise the joy which might have been proin this world so affected their hearts, as entirely duced by the announcement of liberty. "Are you silent,' said the director of police; I expected to see you transported with joy.' 'I beg of you,' I answered, to express to the emperor our gratitude; but, uncertain as we are as to the fate of our families, it is impossible for us not to give way to the thought that some of those who are dear to us may be gone. It is this uncertainty that oppresses our minds, even at the moment when they should be open to nothing but joy.' 66 The director then gave Maroncelli a letter from his brother, which allayed his anxiety. He told me, however, he could give me no tidings of my family, and this increased my fears that some accident had befallen them. "Retire,' said he, ' to your room, and in a short Are not our readers tired of this long detail time I shall send to you the third individual to of misery, unadorned as it is in our pages by whom the emperor's clemency has been extended.' the exquisite language and deep pathos of the We went and waited with anxiety. Perhaps, original? We fear they must; and therefore we thought, it is the poor old man Murani. We passing over many events to which he has con- thought of many; there was none, in fact, who trived to impart variety and interest-the visits had not our good wishes. At last the door openof successive imperial commissaries from Vi-ed, and we saw that our companion was to be Anenna, the changes of gaolers, the fluctuations drea Tonelli, of Brescia. We conversed till evenof hope and fear as to his ultimate liberation-ing, deeply pitying those whom we were to leave let us turn at once to the catastrophe of this behind. At sunset the director of police returned to rescue us from this ill-omened abode. Our dungeon drama. The 1st of August, 1830, was a Sunday. hearts groaned as we passed before the prisons of Ten years had now nearly elapsed since Pel- our friends, at the thought that we could not take We knew how long they lico had first been imprisoned; eight and a half them along with us. were destined to languish there !-how many of since he had been consigned to the carcere them to be slow victims of death! A soldier's duro of Spielburg. Pellico had returned as usual from mass; he had been looking from the cloak and cap were placed on each of us, and in terrace upon the cemetry where the dust of our old gally-slave attire, but divested of our chains, we descended the fatal hill, and were conducted Oroboni and Villa reposed, and thinking that through the city to the prisons of the police. It his own would shortly be laid beside them. was a lovely moonlight night. The streets, the The prisoners were preparing their table for houses, the people whom we met, all appeared to their meal, when Wegrath, the superintendant, me so delightful, so strange, after so many years, entered. "I am sorry," said he, "to disturb during which I had looked on no such spectacle. your dinner, but have the goodness to follow... After four days the commissary arrived, and me-the director of police is waiting for you." the director of police transferred us to him, putAs this gentleman's visits generally indicated ting into his hands at the same time the money nothing very pleasant, the prisoners, it may be we had brought to Spielberg, and that produced supposed, followed their guide somewhat re- by the sale of our books and effects, which was luctantly to the audience-room. They found delivered to us at the frontier. The expense of there the director and the superintendant, the our journey was liberally defrayed by the empeformer of whom bowed to them more courte-ror." ously than usual, then taking a paper from his The weakness of Pellico's health when he pocket he began-"Gentlemen, I have the set out from Brunn rendered it necessary for pleasure, the honour of announcing to you that him to remain for some time in Vienna, for the his majesty the emperor has had the kind- sake of medical attendance. His anxiety to ness-. Here he stopped without mentioning what the kindness was. "We thought," says Pellico, "it might be some diminution of punishment, such as freedom from labour, the use of books, or less disgusting diet. depart, it may easily be imagined, was not lessened by the news of the three days of Paris, which reached him on his arrival. It is a singular coincidence that the day on which the French revolution broke out was that on which the emperor had signed the warrant for their | how many social differences! How many of my liberation. Pellico know not however what acquaintances carried off by death, how many in baleful influence the state of matters in France exile! A generation of adults whom I had seen might have upon the views of the emperor, but in infancy! And to be still prevented from and began to fear that though they might not flying from house to house, to inquire after one, again be recommitted to their Moravian prison, to impart consolation to another! To complete they might be transported to some imperial my distress, Mantua was the point of separation town, far distant from their native country. between Maroncelli and myself. We passed a While visiting the palace at Schonbrunn as melancholy night. I was agitated like a criminal he began to be convalescent, in company with on the evening before he receives his sentence of the commissary, whose presence was still re- condemnation. In the morning I washed my quired, and Maroncelli, the emperor passed, face carefully, and looked in the glass, to see and the prisoners were directed to stand a little whether it bore traces of weeping. I put on as aside, that the sight of their miserable figures far as possible a tranquil and smiling air; I remight not annoy him. At last, however, the peated a short prayer to God, but in truth my warrant arrived for their departure from Vien-thoughts wandered, and hearing Maroncelli alAnother attack of illness seized Pellico ready moving about on his crutches, and talking to the servant, I ran to embrace him. Both seemed at Bruck; but, tormented by the home-sickness to have collected their courage for the separation. of the mind, he considered the sickness of the We spoke with some emotion, but in a strong body as comparatively unimportant, and after voice. The officer of the gendarmerie who was being bled and taking a liberal supply of the to conduct him to the frontiers of Romagna was medicine which has formerly relieved him (di- come; he must depart immediately-one emgitalis,) he insisted on their route being re- brace-another-he entered the carriage-he dissumed. They crossed through Austria and appeared, and I remained as if annihilated. Styria, and entered Carinthia: at Feldkirchen "I returned to my room and prayed for the poor they had to halt again, till new orders for their mutilated being, separated from his friend. I have route should arrive. At last they came-Italy-known many excellent men, but none more af was to be their destination! na. "I exulted," says Pellico, " along with my companions at the news, but still the thought occurred that some terrible disclosure for me might be at hand, that father, mother, or some one most dear to me might be no more. My depression of spirits increased as we approached Italy. The entrance to it on that side has few charms for the fectionately social than Maroncelli, none more most extorted a smile from me. On the inn table there lay a play bill, which I took up and read; Francesca da Rimini, Opera per Musica.-Who have composed the music,' said he, 'I know not, is this opera? said I to the waiter. Who may but, in short, it is that Francesca da Rimini, which every body knows.' 'Every body,' said I, from Germany, what can I know about your Fran'you are mistaken. I who am but just arrived eye; or rather, the traveller descends from the beautiful mountains of Germany into the plains of Italy, by a long, sterile, and unlovely track, which gives to foreigners but an unprepossessing idea of our country. The dull aspect of the country contributed to render me more melancholy. To see once more our native sky, to meet my heart at parting. Grieved, however, as I was with human faces whose features bore not the as- for so many causes, the following occurrence alpect of the north, to hear on all sides our own idiom,-all these melted my heart, but with an emotion more akin to sorrow than joy. How often in the carriage did I cover my face with my hands, pretend to be asleep, and weep. Long years of burial had not indeed extinguished all the energies of my mind, but alas! they were now so active for sorrow, so dull, so insensible to joy Pordenone, Conegliano, Ospedaletto, Vicenza, Verona, Mantua, reminded me of so many things! A young man who had been my friend, and had perished in the Russian campaign, had been a native of the first; Conegliano was the place where the Venetian turnkeys told me poor Zanze (Angela) had been conducted during her illness; in Ospedaletto an angelic and unfortunate being had been married, now no more, but whom I had loved and honoured once, whose memory I love and honour still. In all these places, in short, recollections more or less dear crowded upon me, in Mantua particularly. It ap- he was not allowed to remain long, the government having peared to me but yesterday since I had come ordered him away, in consequence of the expressed wishthither with Ludovico in 1815, with Porro ins of that of Austria. He is now in Paris; and we ob serve that a French translation of Pellico's Memoirs, with 1820. The same streets, squares, palaces,-but notes by him, is announced for immediate publication. cescas ?' The waiter, a young fellow with a rather haughty and truly Brescian expression of countenance, looked at me with disdainful pity. 'Signor, we are not talking about Francescas. We speak of one Francesca da Rimini, I mean the tragedy of Signor Silvio Pellico. Here they have turned it into an opera, spoiling it a little, but all's one for that.' Ah! Silvio Pellico,' said I, 'I think I have heard of him. Is not that the political agitator who was condemned to death, and Maroncelli shortly afterwards went to Florence, where afterwards to the carcere duro some nine or ten [that it is not necessary to heap together imyears ago!'-I ought never to have uttered that possible miseries, in order to touch the feeljest. He looked round,—then at me,--grinned so ings; nor "on horror's head horrors accumuas to show two-and-thirty handsome teeth, and if late," in order to excite the dormant sympahe had not heard a noise at the time, I verily be-thies; nor to make the hero of the tale a lieve he would have knocked me down. my name. "He went on murmuring to himself, agitator! agitator!' But before I left, he had got hold of He could then neither ask questions nor answer them, nor even walk about, such was his distraction and surprise. He kept gazing at me, rubbing his hands, and exclaiming, yes, sir, 'coming, sir,' without knowing the least what he Another was about. And ruffian, an atheist, or a misanthrope, in order to invest his character with dignity and originality; nor to hurry the reader through a series of violent and startling contrasts, in order to stimulate the edge of curiosity. They should teach us that it is on the simple, the natural, the gentler elements of feeling, not on the uncommon or the overstrained, that our sympathies must permanently repose; and that though delay took place at Novara. On the morning of novelty may for a time give a fleeting poputhe 16th Sept. the final permission arrived. from that moment I was liberated from all surveil-larity to compositions inculcating the affectalance. How many years had elapsed since I had tion of indifference, selfishness, and contempt for the ties which bind man to his Maker and enjoyed the privilege of going where I would, unaccompanied by guards. I set out about three in his fellow men, those better feelings are too deeply engraved on the heart to be ever eradithe afternoon. My travelling companions were a lady, a merchant, an engraver, and two young cated, or even long held in abeyance. The painters, one of them deaf and dumb. They fate of this book, we are convinced, will prove, came from Rome, and I was gratified to learn that that when a writer has the manliness to avow they were acquainted with the family of Maron- the sincerity of his belief, the depth and stacelli. We spent the night at Vercelli. The hap-bility of his attachment to his fellows, his conpy morning of the 17th September dawned. Our fidence that, even in this world, full as it is of journey proceeded: How slow the conveyance deceit and suffering, "virtue is no name, and seemed! It was evening ere we reached Turin. happiness no dream,”—and does this too amidst "Who can attempt to describe the transport, every thing calculated to shake his faith, and the consolation my heart received when I again deaden his feelings, he will find "fit audience," saw and embraced father, mother, and brothers. and that not few. And Signor Pellico may be My dear sister Josephine was not there, for her assured that his cheering, elevated, and tranduties detained her at Chieri, but she hastened as quil pictures of the human heart will survive soon as possible to join our happy groupe. Re-for the instruction and consolation of others, stored to these five objects of my tenderest affec- when the hollow, glaring, and disturbed phantion, I was---I am the most enviable of mortals. tasmagoria of life to which we have alluded is Then, for all these past sorrows and present hap-deservedly forgotten. piness, for all the good or ill which fate may have in store for me, blessed be that Providence in whose hands men and events, with or without their will, are but wonderful instruments for the promotion of its all-wise and beneficent ends!" From the Edinburgh Review. MONTGOMERY'S MISSIONARY VOY- So ends this pure strain of gentle and devoTHESE are very interesting volumes. Contional feeling, leaving at its close an impression on the mind like that produced by soft and sidered merely as a 'Journal of Voyages and melancholy music. We were unwilling to in- Travels,' they are well worthy the attention of those whose imaginations are delighted with terrupt the course of the narrative by any reflections of our own, and now we have linger-pictures of other lands; but they may fairly lay ed on it so long, that we have left ourselves no claim to a higher character. They relate some room for any, had they been called for. One very remarkable phenomena in the history and observation, however, we must make, in the condition of rude nations, and give a more striking view of the existing state of the Heajustice of which we think every one will con then world, and of its dawning day of civilizacur, that a book like this could not have appeared at a more acceptable time than the tion, science, and religion, than has been furnished from any other quarter. present; that the spirit of religion, humanity, The work is substantially the Report of a resignation, and Christian charity, which it breathes, and the simple, subdued, and natural deputation, sent by the London Missionary Sotone in which these sentiments are imbodied, ciety to ascertain the state of their missions contrast most favourably with those hideous throughout the world. The members of it pictures of crime, those alternately voluptuous were the Reverend Daniel Tyerman, a clergyor loathsome exhibitions of vice, those physical man, previously residing in the Isle of Wight, horrors, that affected contempt for all generous and Mr. George Bennet, a gentleman of Shefsentiments, that fierce and relentless spirit of * Journal of Voyages and Travels by the Rev Daniel pride, hatred, and selfishness, which have of late contaminated our own literature, and still more conspicuously that of France. These "Prison Thoughts" of Pellico may teach us, Museum.-Vol. XXIII Tyerman, and George Bennett, Esq. deputed from the London Missionary Society, to visit their various Stations in the South Sea Islands, China, India, &c. between the years 1821 and 1829. Compiled from the Original Documents by James Montgomery. 2 vols. 8vo. London: 1831. No. 133.-H field. The constitution of this Society is pecu-Jand finest copyist among his subjects, Pomare" liarly Catholic-it has no restrictions-it gives was also their schoolmaster. itself no distinctive name-it professes to combine all denominations of Christians in the great chiefs sitting around him, reading aloud by turns. He has sometimes twenty and more of his work of imparting Christianity to the Heathen Of these he has himself taught several to read, and world. These gentlemen, who appear to have he delights to improve others. He learned to read carried the liberal spirit of their Society into in the year 1802, and began to write about the all their dealings with the missionaries of other same time. He may be said in a great measure associations, were its voluntary and gratuitous to have taught himself both these accomplishments, agents. They left England in May, 1821; and which were never acquired by a South Sea Islanthe survivor (for Mr. Tyerman did not live to der before. He engaged the missionaries to furrevisit his native land) returned in June, 1829. nish him with lessons, consisting of syllables, They were thus absent eight years, during words, sentences, and paragraphs, in gradation, which period they circumnavigated the globe, upon slips of paper: these he took with him when and examined the state of the missions in the travelling from place to place, and copied at his South Sea Islands, the Islands of British India, leisure, with unwearying diligence and applicathe Mauritius, Madagascar, and South Africa. tion; thus reading and writing at the same time, The first volume, and several chapters of the and giving his instructers very little trouble.'-J. 79, second, consist of their observations in the Islands of the South Sea-a portion of the globe able to resist the temptation of a glass of gin! What a pity that such a man should be unpeculiarly interesting at present, as offering to Such, however, was the case. Pomare was our view some of the most remarkable moral sufficiently enlightened to perceive the bad improvements that the world has seen since the early diffusion of Christianity. At Tahiti, He forbade their use, and had even the resolu consequences of indulging in ardent spirits.where they arrived and landed on the 25th of tion to destroy all the stills in the island, and September, 1821, they were received by two to prohibit the manufacture, though his submissionaries, Messrs. Nott and Wilson. Po-jects have ample materials both in the sugarmare, the king, was absent when they arrived; cane and the tea plant, and are well acquainted but they heard many interesting particulars of this ruler,-in some respects as remarkably emancipated from the habits of savage life, as in others he was still their slave. We shall extract a few passages illustrative of his character, and progress in improvement. with the art of distilling; and yet, when temptation was thrown in his own way by foreign ships, he yielded to it in spite of his better judgment, and is said to have fallen a victim at last to intemperance. He was, nevertheless, a man of strong understanding. When he ultiNear a large shed there was a smaller mately attained to a conviction of the truth and dwelling, the walls of which were framed of slight utility of the doctrines and improvements taught bamboos fixed perpendicularly in the ground; and and recommended by the missionaries, his meathere was a door at each end. When the king is sures were decisive. A great part of the relihere, it is in this small place of retirement that gion of these islands consisted in absurd restricMr. Nott and he meet for the purpose of translations on certain articles of food, which were ting parts of the Scriptures; and here, from day to considered sacred, and not allowed to be touched day, have they often been employed, in settling till presented to the idol. Among these were the text and copying out the completed portions, turtles. On a certain occasion, a turtle being from morning till night. The king is remarkably fond of writing; he was the first who learned the caught, Pomare declared, to the horror of his art, and is, probably, the greatest proficient in it attendants, that it should be dressed for him among all his countrymen; when he writes, he without the previous ceremony of offering a lies down on the floor, with a support for his chest, and a desk before him.'-I. 62. part to the god. When the banquet was prepared, no one but himself had the hardihood to 'Mr. Notí, among other curiosities, showed us a taste of it. The chiefs sat looking at him, momanuscript copy of the translated Gospel of St. mentarily expecting to see divine vengeance Luke, executed by King Pomare in a very neat, overtake the sacrilegious prince. By this exsmall hand. It was from this copy that the first edi-periment Pomare was confirmed in his previous tion of that Evangelist was printed. Mr. Nott suspicions of the impotence of his native deistated that he had been greatly aided by Pomare in ties; and he immediately declared that he no making that version; the king being better ac- longer believed in any but the God of the misquainted with the Tahitian language, and its ca- sionaries. He left all, however, at liberty to pabilities, than most of his subjects. This is pro- follow his example or not as they pleased; but bably an unparalleled instance of a prince-and the newly discovered truth spread rapidly that no mean one, for he had the power of life and among his subjects, and the ancient divinities death, and his will was law in all cases throughout were everywhere dethroned. Several curious his dominions-devoting time and talents to the anecdotes relative to this era are related by slow and painful labour of translating the Scrip- our travellers. Tati, one of Pomare's principal tures, and copying out the work for the press with chiefs, described to Mr. Bennet his feelings at his own hand, that he might be the means of be- the time when he began to suspect that the stowing them upon his people.'-I. 66. former objects of terror were mere blocks of wood, whilst yet he could not divest himself Not content with being the greatest scholar altogether of the reverence he had been accus- I have continually before my eyes the liketomed to pay them. Being desired by Pomare'nesses of my children whom I killed in their to chop some of the gods to pieces, he proceeded infancy when I was a heathen. Wherever I with a trembling hand, half expecting at the go they meet me; and I seem to see them as first blow to see the insulted spirit start up to plainly as I did when I took them from my avenge himself. On another occasion, some of wite's arms, immediately after they were born, the people being about to make a bonfire of and destroyed them. I know not what to do!" Oro, the god of war, and his wooden attendants, With such pictures before us, it is truly dethey thought that it would be most prudent to lightful to learn that industry, civilization, and commence by firing into the temple, and chal-good morals, are entirely transforming their lenging the gods to come forth to battle. Ein-character, habits, pleasures and occupations.' boldened by the silence of the blocks, they at (I. 302.) We hear now of their neat houses, length proceeded to burn them and their tem- their flourishing fields and gardens, their indusples together. pur try and ingenuity, and the generally pleasing The more we hear of the former condition of aspect of all things. They seem wonderfully these islanders, the more wonderful appears the impressed themselves with the contrast; comcontrast presented by their improved state:- paring their present with their former state, to 'In their pagan state, like all uncivilized tribes, peace after war-to an abundant fruit harvest they were excessively revengeful, and would after famine and drought-to refreshing sleep sue or watch the object of their enmity from place after days of toil and distress. They, however, to place, and from shore to shore, for many years, have not yet lost the simplicity of their native if an earlier opportunity occurred not to gratify character, and some of the anecdotes here retheir cruel rage. On such occasions, when corded of them are highly amusing. The first they have at length slain their victim, the mur- nail ever seen in Tahiti was considered a treaderer has been known to pound the body to pulp sure of rare value, and lent out by its possessor with large stones, and then, spreading it to the for hire, to make holes in the planks of canoes. sun till it was dried like leather, he would cut a Another lucky fellow got hold of a nail, and hole in the middle, through which to thrust his being of a provident disposition, he thought to head, and wear it as a tributa, the arms dangling gain more in the end by propagating the spedown in front, and the legs behind, till it was worn cies of so valuable an exotic, than by lending it out, and fell in pieces from his back.'-'A king of out. He accordingly planted the nail, and Tahiti has been known to take the living children waited long for the blade and the fruit of his of those whom he had slain in battle, make holes seed. This man was living when our travelthrough their heads at the juncture of the neck,lers were in the islands, and had not, they say, and passing a cord of cinet through the wounds, heard the last of his sagacious speculation. drag the little innocents, shrieking and struggling, Not content with the advances they have along the beach, till they expired in agonies; the themselves made in civilization and religion, savage conqueror meanwhile remorselessly, re- these islanders have already begun to assist in joicing in his trophies like a fiend incarnate.' (I. 77.)-One of the monstrous practices of these spreading their knowledge among their less islanders, before they embraced the gospel, was to fortunate neighbours. We have an interestbury their friends alive, when, from their infirmi-ing account of their proceedings when an opties, they became burdensome to the young and portunity offered, by Captain Kent's ship, of the vigorous. They would dig a hole in the sand sending some of their own number to instruct on the sea-beach; then under pretence of taking the inhabitants of the Marquesan islands, who their aged or sick relative to bathe, they would are represented as the most ferocious savages bear him on a litter to the spot, and tumble him in these seas. A day was fixed for holding a into the grave which had been prepared, instantly meeting, to choose two natives to carry the heaping stones and earth upon him, and tramp- truths of Christianity to these savages. About ling the whole down with their feet, till whether 1200 persons were assembled on this occasion. they left him dead or alive was of little moment, After several short addresses by the Missionas it was impossible for him to rise again. In aries, other cases, the unnatural kindred would rush into the invalid's house at once, from opposite ends, Auna, a principal chief, formerly a leader and make their spears meet in his body. Then among the Areois, and a priest of Hiro, the god they would coolly share the spoil of his little pro- of thieves, stood up in the midst of the meeting. perty, and depart without any other reflection ex- His lofty stature and commanding presence, his cept that they had rid themselves of a nuisance, countenance beaming with benignity and intelliand perhaps gained a paltry article of dress or gence, filled every bosom with emotions of awe, furniture as the price of blood.'-I. 328. delight, and expectation. He looked round with an air of unaccustomed anxiety and embarrassInfanticide was a common practice among ment, and at first-perhaps for the first time in them. This was touchingly referred to by one his life-hesitated in the utterance of his sentiof the natives at a meeting, or conversation, atments on a public occasion. At length, with a which Messrs. Bennet and Tyerman were pre-noble modesty, he began, "Mea ma tai teie-It sent:—'A man, who was sitting among the is a good thing that some of us should go from rest upon the floor, suddenly cried out, in Huahine to carry Christianity to those people 'great agitation of spirit, "What shall I do? who are yet in the same ignorance, wickedness, |