friendly style, when he enumerates his own weaknesses. are therefore not to understand the concluding verse, Ut tu fortunam, sic nos te, Celse, feremus— We or the advice in the third Epistle, beginning, 'Quid mihi Celsus agit,' as bitter satire, but as a friendly freedom, which their intimacy warranted. This Epistle is plainly an answer to one from Celsus, which may be regarded as a proof that he took the advice in the third Epistle in good part. I would make a similar observation on the twelfth Epistle. Dacier, Desprez, Baxter, Zeunius, &c., consider this Epistle as a piece of severe satire and irony. But certainly, if Horace meant to do his friend Grosphus a service by recommending him to Iccius, it was a strange way to begin by turning Iccius himself into ridicule. In the 7th verse he represents him as living sparingly at a plentiful table, in medio positorum abstemius. This certainly does not countenance the charge of avarice brought against him by the Commentators. For the same reasons I regard the 29th ode of the first book as a piece of goodnatured and friendly raillery, warranted by their intimacy. There can be no better examples than these of the character given by Persius to our author:-'Omne vafer Flaccus,' &c. Iam happy to have the support of Gesner by his note on the 11th verse of this Epistle Nil equidem Ironiæ video, nihil mordax: sed ingenuum laudatorem amici et virtutis. Epist. 11. 1. 30. Ennius, et sapiens, et fortis, et alter Homerus, Quo promissa cadant, et somnia Pythagorea. This is a very difficult passage. The obvious and natural meaning of the words is, Ennius takes no pains to fulfil his great promises, and to show himself animated by the soul of Homer. But this is manifestly contrary to the spirit of the whole passage, where Horace is giving the sentiments of those who admired the ancient poets exclusively. The ancient scholiast gives another interpretation, which is applauded and adopted by Bentley: Ennius is not now solicitous about his reputation; his promises are accomplished, and his dreams are fulfilled. For, says the Doctor-Leviter curamus ea, quæ extra aleæ discrimen posita esse videmus. Gesner gives another interpretation: Ennius is not solicitous that his dreams about Homer should be accomplished: he has obtained immortality among us in his own name of Ennius. These interpretations are consistent with the rest of the passage; but they are forced, and can hardly be brought out of the words. If conjecture were allowable, I would read the passage thus: Ennius, et sapiens, et fortis, et alter Homerus— Quo promissa cadant, et somnia Pythagorea—) The lines in the parenthesis are an interruption: "However good critics, as Varius, Tucca, &c. may say that he takes no great pains to fulfil his mighty promises, and dreams of being animated by Homer's spirit; their criticism is disregarded, and the exclusive admirers of antiquity still call him a second Homer." 414 In the second Epistle of the second Book, Horace is offering to Florus many excuses and apologies, partly jocular, partly serious, for having failed in his promise of sending him some odes. His fifth apology, beginning at the 87th verse," Frater erat Romæ, &c." has not been well understood. It is this:-"Poets are vain mortals; and, if I enlist myself among them, I must court and flatter them, that they may flatter me, and, what is worst of all, must listen to their recitations, that they may return me the same compliment." This is jocular, no doubt; for he tells us elsewhere, that he would not do so. The 94th verse, Quid ferat, et quâ re sibi nectat uterque coronam, I render, "What each endures, and by what means he weaves a wreath for his own head;" that is, what are the arts he employs to induce his brother poet to praise him. This interpretation of quare (I have printed it in the text, quâ re, in two words, to lead more easily to this uncommon meaning) seems to have escaped all the interpreters. I have no doubt, that whoever will take pains to consider the connexion of the passage, will agree, that this is the author's meaning:-" Each endures the pains of death while he listens to the recitation of the other, and then he has his revenge, by reciting in his turn." These are the means each uses- "Then by his vote I am a second Alcæus, and I pronounce him a Čallimachus or Mimnermus."-He goes on: Multa fero, ut placem genus irritabile vatum, These four lines put the explication, above given, beyond doubt: "When I myself write, I must bear a great deal, in order to pacify and propitiate the irritable race of poets; and I must use every art to catch the favor of the people: but when I reco ver from the madness of poetry, and lay down my pen, I can set the reciters at defiance, and refuse to listen-you must excuse me, therefore, if I prefer my own liberty." This use of quá re, joined to the subjunctive mood, in the sense of BY WHAT MEANS, or How, is not unexampled. Cæs. B. G. v. 31. Omnia excogitantur QUARE nec sine periculo maneatur, et languore militum et vigiliis periculum augeatur : "All things were, as if on purpose, contrived, How it might be dangerous to remain, and HOW that danger might be farther increased, by the fatigue of the soldiers." Čic. Epist. Fam. x. 21. “Omnia feci, QUARE Lepido conjuncto ad rempublicam defendendam-perditis resisterem :" "I have done every thing, BY MEANS OF WHICH, OF WHEREBY, I might engage Lepidus to join with me in the defence of the republic, and in resisting these desperate men." These are a few instances in which I have differed from all the interpreters. Some of them seem of considerable importance to the right understanding of these authors. I shall be happy to be corrected by you, or any of your learned contributors who may think it worth while; and still more so to be supported by your suffrages, where I may be thought to be in the right. HENRY LISTON. Manse of Ecclesmachan, Jan. 1823. E. H. BARKERI DE ARCADIO ANTIOCHENO ADMONITA QUÆDAM. [Vide Classical Journal, XXIX, 165-71.; XXX, 310-13.] "MAGNUS sane is locus est, quem nemo magis perpurgavit Reizio, cui tanquam Pelias quidam, si diuturniorem fortuna vitam ei concessisset, omnis hæc doctrina de accentibus recoquenda erat. Non poenitebit tamen vel post hunc virum quædam protulisse, fulta grammaticis rationibus. Opportune enim accidit, quod Barkerus nuper Herodiani Accentuum doctrinam in epitomen ab Arcadio Antiocheno redactam edi curavit, de qua quidem non ita sentimus, ut ne transversum quidem digitum decedendum esse credamus ab iis, quæ propositæ sunt, regulis; potius demonstrabimus, si fieri poterit, alia esse retinenda, alia rejicienda, negligenda alia. Tamen in his rebus cavendum est, ne Herodiano injungamus, quod ab Arcadii ingenio profectum est. Hic enim, id quod constat inter omnes, scripsit Tepì 'Optoypapias, περὶ Συντάξεως τῶν τοῦ Λόγου Μερῶν, et Ονομαστικόν. Librum, quem nunc Barkerus quidem edidit, Tepì Tóvwv, nec Suidas noverat, nec, quod sciam, alius veterum quisquam. Contra Aristodemus quidam a Suida s. v. tanquam is allegatur, qui Herodiani doctrinam de Accentibus in Epitomen contraxerit. Idem Theodosii Grammatici Epitomes mentionem facit, non incognitæ illius Bentleio. Præterea ab Fabricio Grammatica quædam, xix complexa libros, in Bibliothecis Parisinis asservata, ut opus Arcadii nuncupatur. Sed ex variis lectionibus, quæ ex alio quodam Codice, eodemque Parisino, annexæ sunt Editioni Barkeriana, satis elucet, hanc Grammaticam ne minimum quidem differre ab ea, quæ typis est conscripta, de accentibus doctrina. Rubrum enim in altero illo Codice (2603) ita habet, 'Agnadíov Пpapμarıxǹ, ac si libros, quibus omne suum opus absolvit Arcadius, computes, numero a Fabricio allegato ita respondet, ut nec vola dubitationis relinquatur. Sed habet titulus ille magnifici aliquid ac fastidiosi, ut, quædam de suo addidisse Arcadium, fere pignore contendam. Quibus accedit, quod verba præfationis Arcadii: Σκόπει οὖν εἴ τι καὶ ἡμῖν ἤνυσται χρήσ σιμον εἰς συντομίαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ εἰς σαφήνειαν· ἐπεὶ γὰρ τὸ πολύϋλον τῶν ὁρισμῶν ἐν πολλοῖς κανόσιν ἀθρόως κείμενον δύσληπτον ἦν, καταδιηρέθη τοῦτο, ἵν' εὔληπτα γένηται διαιρεθέντα ὑφ' ἓν κείμενα τῷ 'Ηρω diavi, x. T. λ.: innuere videntur, non temere eum secutum esse præscripta Herodiani. Satisne hoc sit commode factum, aut quæ populariter ab Herodiano, an elimatius hæc ab Arcadio sint proposita, id scire avemus, judicium nostrum qualecunque interposituri." Car. Guil. Goettling de Arcadii quibusdam Accentuum Præceptis, Bonnæ, 1820. I am indebted to the learned author for a copy of this Academical tract, and in all probability no other copy has reached this country. Those scholars, who are curious about such matters, will be thankful for the following information, communicated to me in a letter from a youthful, but erudite, member of the Danish University, Car, Guil. Elberling, Havnia, d. 12 Augusti 1822; "Non possum quin hac occasione oblata tecum communicem inventum literarium, his ipsis diebus a C. O. Blochio nostrate factum. Quum enim evolveret Codicem Græcum chartaceum sec. 15., qui in Bibliotheca Regia Havniensi servatur, invenit ibi Theodosii Epitomen τῆς Καθολικῆς Προσῳδίας Herodiani, qualis descripta est a Fabricio Bibl. Gr. vi, 84-5. Ed. Harles., et, comparatione instituta, comperit esse hanc Epitomen eundem librum, quem sub nomine Arcadii περὶ Τόνων duobus abhinc annis ipse edidisti. Censet Blochius, posse ex hoc Codice textum a te exhibitum interdum corrigi. Verum hæc obiter. Vale milique fave.” "Si vero gravissima eorum Grammaticorum, quorum verba attuli, testimonia, et ea argumenta respexeris, quorum est in hac quæstione momentum, censebis, ἄμητον significare 'Tempus et Actionem metendi, ἀμητὸν vero dici τὸν καρπὸν, s. Quodcunque τεθερισμένον vel ἀμώμενον est: ἀμητὸν etiam χώραν dici debere θερι σθεῖσαν, neque vero ἄμητον cum Zonara. Idem valet de vv. τρύγητος et τρυγητός. Cf., præter locos e Suida petitos, Hesych. s. h. v. dicentem, Τρύγητος ὁ καιρός· τρυγητὸς, ὁ τρύγος, quod vocabulum jam H. Steph. Thes. 3, 1678. notavit. Arcadius Grammaticus ineditus, quem Barkerus mox evulgabit, in loco, quem Albertius ad Hes. v. Τρύγ. adscripsit: Τρύγητος ὁ καιρὸς μονογε νῶς, τρυγητὸς δὲ, (ὁ, ἡ, τὸ,) τὸ τρυγώμενον.” Fr. Aug. Guil. Spohn. ad Niceph. Blemmidæ duo Opuscc. Geogr. p. 41. Lipsiæ, 1818. The passage of Arcadius occurs in p. 81. of my edition, where we have: Τρυγητὸς δὲ τὸ τρυγόμενον· τοιοῦτον καὶ τὸ ἄμητος καὶ ἀμητός. A transcript of the Excerpta er Arcadio, used by Alberti, and preserved in the Remonstrants' Library at Amsterdam, was obligingly made for me by Professor Lennep. Imm. Bekker in his valuable Notes on the Etym. M. p. 965. cites from Cod. Par. 2638. 2640. Λέγουσι δὲ τὸ μεὶς ὁ Ωρος καὶ ̓Αρκάδιος καὶ Εὐδαίμων ἄκλιτον εἶναι. And Blochius produces the same words from Cod. Havn. 1971. The passage referred to does not occur in Arcadius, but I find in p. 125.: Tà eis eis μονογενῆ ὀξύνονται, μεὶς ὁ μὴν, κλεὶς, κτείς. Τὸ μέντοι εἷς περισπάται ὡς τριγενές. Arcadius Grammaticus: Κασῆς, τὸ πιλωτὸν ἱμάτιον, περισπᾶται, -Arcadius: Τὸ δὲ κάσσος ἀπὸ τοῦ κάσος γίνεται κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ σ· ἔστι δὲ εἶδός τινος ἱματίου οὕτω καλουμένου.” Salmas. Exerc. Plin. 678. These passages occur in Arcadius p. 24.: Τὰ εἰς ῆς δισύλλαβα μὴ ὄντα τοπικὰ ἢ συναλιλειμμένα βαρύνονται, ἔχοντα πρὸ τοῦ η σ ή ξ, Ξέρξης, Χρύσης, κάσης· τὸ μέντοι κασῆς τὸ *πιλώτιον ἱμάτιον περισπάται. Τὸ δὲ *κισσὴς (sic) ὀξύνεται, ἐπίθετον : 76. Τὸ δὲ κάσσος ἀπὸ τοῦ κάσος γίνεται κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ σ' ἔστι δὲ καὶ εἶδός τινος ἱματίου οὕτω καλουμένου. Πιλωτὸν appears to have been tacitly introduced by Salmasius for the reading of the |