ON THE WISSAHICON-STARTING IN SEASON-THE GRAVE. The next morning they were married. What treatment is bad enough, Mr. Sedley, for such women? Lash them, if you love your sex-expose them, and make me your friend forever. Yours, sincerely, AN INJURED YOUNG MAN. From the Saturday Evening Post. Is like thee, soft and murmuring wave. C. H. W. STARTING IN SEASON.-Some of the papers have with very laudible promptitude already placed in their columns the names of their favorite candidates to succeed Gen. Jackson in the Presidency. Whether they are in season to insure success or not, we cannot tell! The circumstance has induced the editor of the U. S. Gazette to tell the following anecdote. It happened to Mr. Jones, worthy man, to die; and after a few months, left for propriety's sake, Mr. Wilkins paid a visit to the widow, and remembering Hudibras's rule, he made known his business at once. The widow Jones was flattered with her neighbor's good opinion, but Mr. Smith had called two or three weeks previously, and she had engaged to marry him. Mr. Wilkins bore his disappointment like a philosopher; but when Mr. Smith died, he took occasion to call on the widow the next day after the funeral, and renewed his offer. The widow felt grateful for sympathy for the loss of one husband and the offer of another, but neighbor Walters, a distant relation of her late husband, had, while walking to the grave with her, extorted from her something like a promise. Mr. Wilkins knew the value of a promise, and waited patiently until neighbor Walters died, and procured an appointment to walk to the grave with the widow. As he was going along to the mansion of the dead, Wilkins renewed his petition-a little too late; deacon Solmes had called to comfort her and the family, on the very day of Mr. Walters decease and had taken that opportunity to offer himself with the consolation. Mr. Wilkins began to think that there was a chance that he should not succeed in his views of making the lady Mrs. Wilkins; but not to omit any proper opportunity, he, while they were returning from the burial, whispered into the widow's ear, that he hoped she would remember his offer, should any thing happen to the Deacon. 257 Written for the Casket. THE GRAVE-A Fragment. BY L. W. TRASK. "Not all the wealth the Indies boast, Not all the earth's enchanting bloom; The sun, in all the pride of his brightness, shone on the peaceless wave-the earth, adorned with the flowers and garlands of spring, seemed more like a paradise of light and innocence, than the habitation of sorrow and crime. Oh! at that bright period of the triumph of nature, of song, and of melody, what soul could not have participated in the enjoyment-what spirit so maculate, that it could not have bowed down and drank innocence, at the pure and delightful fountain of nature's inspiration. While I was engaged in these pleasing reflections, the funeral train of one who had perished by the dagger of a midnight assassin, slowly approached me. There was the bier, bearing the sable coffin-the mourning friends were there; for the deceased was young, virtuous, and beloved. O man! I exclaimed, mentally, cannot the warnings of heaven-earth's emblems of innocence, or virsion of crime?-No, they cannot; thou art the tue's noble rewards, deter thee from the commismost degraded of beings, for thou hast degraded thyself. The procession now reached the graveyardthe coffin was lowered and placed beside the grave-never, in my life, did such feelings oppress me. There yawned the awful grave-the coffin rested on its brink-the mourning friends stood around, with sorrow engraven on their countenances; but there was one, whose deep and unfeigned sorrow told that the deceased was the partner of her bosom-still she spoke not, nor complained; but, when the coffin was lowered to its final resting place-when the earth sounded on its lid-then her sorrow was insupportable. The grave now contained the companion of her youth, and all her hopes. Overpowered by her sorrow, she sank in the arms of her attendants, and ere she revived, the turf was o'er the dead. * ** There is no scene better calculated to inspire melancholy contemplation, than the graveyard. There, in that repository of the triumphs of death, that land of silence and gloom, repose the proud and the rich, the poor and the humble.Strife is forgotten-the tongue of slander is dumb-the voice of censure is hushed-the guilty and contaminated are beside the child of angelic purity-kings, heroes, and subjects, moulder together, and are forgotten. The fairest sons of genius, lie beside the senseless idiot, and the greatest beauty sinks down by the most disgusting deformity-titles are unknown-distinctions are annihilated, and all sleep in forgetfulness in the earth's cold bosom. Is this the end of man? No! There is a fairer world beyond the sea of terrestrial sorrows and anxieties-a realm of consecrated beatitude-a clime of unspeakable delight. There the countenance of sorrow is changed to smiles, and delightful and enrapturing joys will repay a life of sorrow and pain! ORIGINAL. THE HEART. The heart, the heart-the human heart It hath a thousand strings, And every wind that sweeps across A different cadence brings; It hath a many mirthful voice, It speaketh many a tone, But often will its swelling notes, All vibrate into one. The heart, the heart-the human heart- It gives an impetus to thought, And bends the fancy wing: But hid within its unseen depths, A motion ever burns; And hatred-love-with equal sway, The heart, the heart-the human heart- And beams upon its fragile stem, It nourishes a dream of hope, 'Tis strange that it must ever be So poisoned with alloy. The heart, the heart-the human heart- Are always present in the mind, And swim before the sight. But doubt oft casts its shadow o'er Its times of sadness come And then, in silent loneliness, Its sighs to upward roam. The heart, the heart-the human heart- And then it feels its breath heave faint, Yet, though the hand of death is there, It loves, regenerated, when LINES FOR AN ALBUM. Full many a flower of love, I ween, May deck this mimic, sylvan scene; Pluck'd from the far off flowery isles, W. Written for the Casket. AN ESSAY. Original laws of Mind-Their coincidence with physical phenomena. There is a spiritual existence which pervades and controls the human system. The reality of this existence, denominated the mind, is as clearly proved from its own peculiar attributes, perception, thought and volition, as that of matter from its sensible properties. It is not our design, however, to exhibit the proof: but proceeding upon the hypothesis that the existence both of mind and matter is an unquestionable truth, we propose to show some of the laws of mind; and their coincidence with physical na ture. The infant mind has been frequently represented by the simile of an entire blank, on which the images of objects are impressed through the medium of the senses. Those who instituted this comparison have, to show its fitness, proceeded to say that the image of an object impressed on the mind, is an idea, that several images accumulated are a combination of ideas, and that these are so associated as to produce all the phenomena of mind. This theory, although deserving the commendation of ingenuity, is doubtless false; for unless the mind possessed the principle of action, no circumstances whatever could beget action. We know that the seven original colors combined in a certain proportion produce the sensation of white, but what possible combination of passive impressions can account for the simple phenomena of volition. The mind is an active existence. Constantly exerting its efforts, varying the method and changing the object of its research, it speculates intently on objects of sense; and finally, as a being independent of the material world, pries with interminable scrutiny into the phenomena of its own existence. The speculations of the mind are not wholly a chaos of wandering thought. There are certain forms of thought and principles of faith originally existing in the mind, which are the basis of all her future deductions, and it is by a suitable reliance on these that we are enabled to arrive at any useful results either in the moral or physical world. We may adduce as an instance to our purpose, the almost universal belief of the immortality of the soul. Were not the conscious Some gemm'd with tears, some wreath'd with smiles; ness of its own imperishable nature original in Some from the famed Arcadian bowers, the mind, from what source is it derived? Can observation, experience or analogy have taught us any thing on the subject? Who has existed through eternity? To what is eternal existence analagous? Or whose senses have embraced it? The volume of inspiration contains no direct revelation of this truth, but evidently presumes it to be an original element of the mind. Were not this the case, a truth so fundamental to all its doctrines would doubtless have occupied its first pages as the starting point of Revelation. It is a truth in its very nature, beyond the possibility of proof, we may as well attempt to prove the existence of matter: a belief of the one rests on the same basis with that of the others, and it is not surprising that several disC. H. W. tinguished individuals of a past age, who disbe Where blossom love's peculiar flowers; ORIGINAL LAWS OF MIND. 259 lieved the former by the same perversion of ori- curacy to exhibit-to external vision. Nor can ginal reason, denied the existence of the latter. the mathematical line, extension without breadth; We have no higher authority to believe in the ex- nor that most simple element of science, the istence of the common objects of sense, than we geometrical point, position without extension, have to believe that the soul is immortal. In re-exist in miniature. They are nothing less than gard to material existence, the mind is so constitu- inate ideas, and they are the axis on which reted as to believe whatever the senses communi- volves an ideal world-a world in which the man cate. For instance, my organs of vision inform of science, leaving the contingencies of matter, me that there is before me a house, a tree, or what-expatiates on pure ideas, on absolute truths. ever object you please; I believe the object to A world which is, and yet is not matter. A exist, not because any process of reasoning can world, the elements of which are the human be instituted to prove its existence, but simply mind." because it is an original law of the mind to believe the senses. It is also original in the mind | to believe in immortality; in either case there can be no possible proof, and the only ground for belief is that the unperverted mind possesses an intuitive belief. We might here show that the leading principles of virtue, a belief in the Supreme being, and indeed many of those great moral truths which regard our present and future happiness, are original in the mind; and only need to be purified from the grosser passions of our fallen nature, in order to shadow forth, in more legible traces, the image of him who is the Father of our spirits: but the limits of this essay admonish us to pass to another part of the subject. Notwithstanding the demonstrations of mathematics are, as we have shown perfectly independent of matter, there is an admirable harmomy between them and the phenomena of the physical world. So far as human sagacity can detect, matter obeys the same laws that exist originally in the mind. Acting independently of each other, they act in unison. It is indeed owing to this fact that man has so far succeeded in investigating the laws, in conformity to which the elements act, and by which they may be controled; as to make the flame propel his chariot, and the lightnings sport harmless round his head. The electrician first contemplates an abstract ideal law, and then institutes a series of observations to know whether the subtle fluid upon which he experiments, acts in conformity to that law. The philosopher demonstrates, by a course of abstract mental operations, that the increasing velocity of a falling body is in proportion to the square of the time occupied. The demonmatter as though matter never was. Yet having discovered the law in his mind; he finds by observation, so far as the senses can test that matter actually obeys this law. The same is true of the laws of light, heat, magnetism, and indeed of every thing which is the subject of philosophical inquiry, The abstract sciences are undoubtedly a development of original modes of thought. And from this they derive their chief excellence. They raise the mind above every contingency and hability to error, which on account of the 'imperfection of the senses are attendant on the observation of external objects to the contem-stration is wholly a priori. As independent of plation of forms purely ideal and absolutely true. It is easy to see that pure mathematics could have no other possible origin than that of original modes of thought.-The forms of natural objects are ever imperfect. Nature in carrying forward her ceaseless changes by solution and redeposition, never produces forms which exhibit mathematical lines and angles. Besides, the The science of astronomy is a still more intersenses are so imperfect that, were the universal esting exhibition of the coincidence of the laws scenery an aggregate of unchanging forms, of mind and matter. Were it not for this coinperfect as the compass of mental perception cidence, the astronomer might have gazed forwhen she strikes her ideal curve, they could ever on the solar system; alike ignorant of its never transmit to the mind an image, the per- laws of motion, and of the economy of its ception of which would be an idea mathemati- changes. Every visible eclipse would have been cally precise. Since the senses are incapable the portent of a raging pestilence; and every of absolute precision, and since the forms with returning comet would have caused fresh anwhich they are conversant are vague and irre-guish, as the ominous portrait of succeeding gular, the conclusion is unanswerable that the abstract sciences have their origin in the mind. Nor can it be objected to this conclusion that the forms of nature approximating to precision, produce on the mind the germs of mathematical ideas. However near the approximation unless the mind actually possessed a predisposition to contemplate forms by regular curves and angles; she cannot reasonably be supposed, among an infinity of possible forms, to have reduced her perceptions and reflections to geometrical laws. There are indeed in nature, a thousand forms approximating to a circle; but the perfect circle, on which are built those beautiful and interesting demonstrations, exist only in the mind. Nor can it exist in miniature true to the original idea. The geometrician's art united with the painter's skill, cannot sketch with sufficient ac blood-shed. But the astronomer, having developed in his own mind the abstract demonstrations of the clypse, the hyperbola and the parabola; by comparing them with the phenomena of the heavens, found himself able to trace those hitherto bewildering orbs in their undeviating pathway and predict their returning phenomena for successive ages. All this he has accomplished by carefully tracing the coincidence of the laws of mind and matter. But his labours are still incomplete.His field is infinite space, and the subjects of his inquiry are the innumerable myriads of orbs, that skirt the extremnity of human vision, and extend as far as the creative energy of an infinite Creator. How far he will push his future discoveries we dare not predict. He may perhaps trace out staggered from one end of the room to the other, calling for help. It was as terrible an act as can be imagined. some still more exquisite ideal law by the help of which, having caught the glimpse of a passing comet which has travelled ever since the creation in her elyptical orbit to arrive within the But that was not the end. That innocent, tenneighbourhood of our system, he may trace her der and amiable girl, that numbered but sixteen course through other systems, and computing years, and whose heart was almost broken at the the revolution of each individual of these re-death of her brother, with soft blue eyes, full of spectively, may pass on from system to system, unutterable pain; without a hand to succour her, until he shall finally compute the grand revolu- without a soul to comfort her, was that night an tion of an infinity of systems around one com- offering to these inhuman soldiers. mon centre. THE FOUNDLING. Human beings, with the most susceptible hearts, most tender feelings, and most delicate frames, must sometimes suffer long and bitterly, before the heart-strings of mercy break. The unfortunate girl was notwithstanding preserved from this. Two days afterwards, as the British army marched forward, she was found a corpse, and buried with her brother. It was late in the evening of a summer's day, in the year 1756, as an honest mechanic of the city of Philadelphia on his way home, found an infant, which hardly breathed, wrapped up in an old mantle, laying before a door sill. It appeared to be but a few hours old; and while he cursed The unfortunate mother applied to the English the hard hearted mother, who had exposed her officers for justice, and Frederick was brought new born infant, he took the poor creature in his forth to be examined. I talked with one who arms, and concluded to do all that was in his was a witness of the whole examination. Murpower for it; he nursed it as one of his own chil- der, robbery and rape were proven against him. dren, and called it after his name, and had he But when the defendant related the history of his lived, it would never have felt the want of a fa- life, she heard him with despair to the end, and ther. But he died while it was a helpless infant, then fell, with terrible convulsions, from her seat. and it became dependant upon the overseer for She had recognised him; he was her first born, its future support. Frederick (for so he was cal- her oldest son; the fruit of a forbidden intercourse led) was, when he arrived at a proper age, bound with the man she had afterwards married, and to an unfeeling master. He already, in his ear-made the father of her children, whom the elly days, showed traces of a deceitful and ungovernable genius; and he lived so disagreeably with his master, that in the twelfth year of his age he ran away, and went on board of a ship. After experiencing the various vicissitudes of fortune for nine years, he was at last found a soldier in the British army. The history of his early days was deeply impressed on his mind. He knew that from his birth he had been abandoned by his parents: he recollected his unfeeling master, and he swore to revenge himself against the land which gave him birth; he now sought for his revenge under the flag of the British, who were at that time at war with America. dest, banished son precipitated, bloody and dishonoured, into the grave. In this manner, at last, the curse of the crime fell upon the accuser-Fredrick was executed, and the distressed mother died in the desperation of an awakened conscience, in a frantic convulsion. I was well acquainted, for many years, with the place at Schuylkill. The spot where they are all buried, used to be pointed out, about half a mile from the road leading to Darby. PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF DANCING.In a dark and rainy night, shortly after the Sir, said Mr. J, I have examined this matter with battle of Brandywine, he accompanied a scout- some diligence, but I really scarcely know what ing party, which directed its course towards to say. Almost any other theme would have Schuylkill. After he and his companions had furnished me with something to contribute to the waded through a deep mire, which was over- discussion, but what can one say on this? After grown with bushes, they suddenly came to a lone- all my labor, the sum and substance of the matTy house, at the margin of the wood; they forced ter seems to me to be only this. A party of ladies themselves in and found an American officer, and gentlemen (who elsewhere pass for intelwhose fresh wounds a handsome and weeping ligent and rational beings) assemble at the ball girl was binding up, while an old woman held room. Soon they array themselves in opposing the candle-a scene of pain and trouble. The lines. Presently, a young lady jumps up from soldiers began to plunder the house, as no officer the floor, shakes one foot and comes down again. was with them; they found plenty of liquor there, Again she springs up and the other foot quivers. and drank until they were all intoxicated. Se- Then she turns round in her place, springs up veral of them even abused the wounded officer, and shakes both her feet. Her intelligent partwho appeared to take no notice of what was pas-ner opposite, performs the same operations.sing before him until Fredrick took hold of the Then both rush forward, and seize each others young woman and attempted to kiss her. This hand, jump up again, shake their feet, turn round, was an insult of another kind, and the American return to their places jump up again, then shake officer sprang from the bed, whereon he had their feet and stand still. The next lady and lain, and collared him. The report of a pistol gentleman very rationally and soberly follow followed like lightning, and the officer fell dead the example just set them, jumping, shaking and on the floor. The girl cried out: "Oh my bro- turning, and so on to the cad. And all for no ther! he has murdered my brother?" and she other reason, that I can perceive, than because fell in a swoon at the side of her murdered bro-black cuffee sits in the corner yonder, drawing ther; while the weak old woman, in a frantic fit, a horse hair across a catgut. PAPER-MAKING-ENCOUNTER WITH A TIGER-TOLERATION. PAPER-MAKING, After the art of writing was introduced, it was a natural suggestion, what substance should be invented to write upon. The inner bark of the birch tree presented itself as the most convenient natural resource. This bark was for a long time used, and cut into round or square pieces, and afterwards strung upon a string, in their proper consecutive order, which formed a volume or a book. After this, plates of lead and steel were made use of, on which they wrote with a sharp instrument. 261 to Bulrompore, to join General Wood, we arrived at our first ground of encampment, about eight A. M. Soon after our arrival, the Zumeendar of the village came to us to complain, that a Tiger had taken up his quarters in that vicinity, and committed daily ravages amongst the cattle; he had also killed several villagers, and had that morning wounded the son of the Zumeendar. On this information, Lieut. Colnett, Captain Robertson, and Dr. Hamilton, mounted their elephants, and proceeded to dislodge the animal. They soon discovered the object of their search; The Egyptians invented a substance called Lieut. Colnett's elephant being a little in adPapyrus, from which our word paper is deri- vance, was attacked by him; the other elephants ved. The papyrus was a reed which grew on turned round and ran off a short distance. the banks of the Nile. The manufactory of pa- The tiger had sprung upon the shoulders of per was performed by taking off the outer cov- Lieut. Colnett's Elephant, who in that situation ering of this reed, which was thick, coarse, and fired at him, and he fell. Conceiving him to be unfit for use, then carefully separating the inter-disabled, Lieut. C. descended from the Elenal membrane, with the point of a knife or nee-phant, for the purpose of despatching him with dle. These membranes were spread parallel to his pistols, but in alighting, he came in contact each other on a table, in sufficient numbers to with the tiger, which had only crouched for a secform a sheet; a second course or layer, was ond spring, and which, having caught hold of thrown over these, the whole was then shower-him by the thigh, dragged him some distance, ed with water, and pressed between two polished along the ground. Having succeeded in drawsurfaces. After drying, the mass was found to ing one of a brace of pistols from his belt, Lieut. present a smooth and uniform sheet. This was C. fired and lodged a ball in the body of the tithe principal substance on which men wrote, for ger, when the beast becoming enraged, shook a long series of years. him violently without letting go his hold, and made off towards the thickest part of the jungle, with his prey. In the struggle to free himself from the clutches of the animal, Colnett caught hold of him by both ears, and succeeded after some time, in throwing the beast upon his side, when he availed himself of his momentary release to draw forth the remaining pistol, and clapping the muzzle to the breast of the tyger, shot him through the heart. He then returned to his Elephant, which he mounted without assistance, feeling at the moment little pain from his wounds, of which he had received no fewer than five and twenty, between the knee and the groin, many of them severe. I understand, he has ever since continued to suffer from the consequence of the conflict, and that he has lost the motion of that knee, which was the seat of the principal injury. Parchment was next invented, which was considered far superior to all other substances before that of paper was discovered. It was made then as it is now, from the dressed skins of calves. Many thousand volumes have been written on parchment. Paper was discovered in the East Indies and some other places, sometime before the Christian era. It was then made wholly of silk rags. Paper made from cotton and linen, was not manufactured till the latter part of the sixteenth century. This was made in the continent of Europe, and it was not until the year 1690, that writing or printing paper was made in England. We are so accustomed to the use of paper and printing that they have became as familiar as household words, and we enjoy the benefits of them, little thinking of the disadvantages under which we should labor, had we never realized TOLERATION.-An Anecdote.-A late dignitheir worth. Without these there would be no tary of the established church was once chaplain effectual means of correspondence between in- of a British factory. A Protestant, who belongdividuals or nations-no account of the wonder-ed to it, happening to die at a village a few miles ful progress of events in various parts of the distant, his friends, on account of his difference world, and no means of obtaining useful knowl- in the faith, found every argument with the paedge. Arts would not flourish, ignorance would rish priest, to permit his interment, of no weight. prevail, and the world would very soon degene- The chaplain of the factory waited upon him in rate into a scene of thick palpable darkness. person, and after mentioning his quality and his The man of business would of necessity confine business, related the following circumstance:the sphere of his operations, and the fond lover "When I was a curate in London, I was inmust vent his sighs to himself, nor solace his terring a corpse on a Sunday afternoon, and had loneliness, by the hope of communicating his feel-not gone half through the ceremony, when a ings to his beloved mistress. ENCOUNTER WITH A TIGER. We find the subjoined account of a most extraordinary adventure that occurred some time since at a Tiger hunt, in a late number of the Bengal Hurkaru newspaper, taken from the journal of an officer in the service of the British East India Company : "On the march of detachment from Louton woman pressed through the crowd, pulled me by the sleeve,' Sir,' said she, 'I must speak to you!'- Speak to me, woman!' said I, 'you must stay till I have finished the ceremony.' No, sir,' replied she," you must hear me immediately. Do you not know that you are going to bury a man who died of the small-pox by the side of my poor husband, who never had it?""The priest felt the force of the anecdote, and im, mediately consented to the interment, |