This structure having been neglected, owing to the family residence being chiefly on the Caermarthenshire estate, it was taken down, about the year 1787, and the existing farmhouse erected. One mile beyond is BrynFosydd; and, a little further, a road to the r. leads to the village of Llanddeiniol, or Carrog, where is a good angling stream. The church, dedicated to St. Deiniol, stands upon the brow of a hill: a small ancient building, consisting simply of a nave, and separated, so as to form a chancel, by a double screen. The arches, of the pointed style, are flattened. The screen had a gallery over it. Next occurs Spite, 9 m. a public-house. At the 114 is Tan-y-fordd and Y-gaer-fawr. At the 13th m. is Chancery ; and on the l., close to the sea, is Morfa, formerly called Morfa-bychan, the residence of Miss Hughes. At the 13 m. on the r. upon little stream which falls into the Ystwith, is an estate long possessed by the Lloyds, called Aberllolwyn. In a bog, called Gors-y-rhûdd, was discovered a very curious ancient shield. It is circular, 2 feet in diameter, formed of brass, and ornamented with concentric circles. Cross the Ystwith at Pentre' r-bont. The seat of Captain William Edward Powel, at Nanteos, lies 2 m. up a tributary stream which falls into the Ystwith, beyond a mill, at the 15th m. The mansion is a handsome structure, beautifully embosomed in a fine wood. In the dining-room and gallery are many family portraits, and three or four excellent Flemish paintings. Within a mile of Aberystwith, on the 1., are the remains of a British camp, called Pen-dinas. On the summit two encampments are discernible, one square, the other circular.

Advancing upon a gentle eminence, in a field to the 1. of the road, appear several rough-hewn stones, patched with moss. Two of these remain upright, which are massive parallelopipeds, from 8 to 10 ft. high, standing within a yard or two one from the other. They are conjectured to be either the remains of a Druidic temple, or the tomb of some departed warrior. The road now descends through the abrupt vale of Ystwith, crossing a picturesque bridge, venerably mantled with ivy. Continuing the route over the high ridgy hills, which divide the parallel vales of Ystwith and Rheidol, the latter presents an agreeable contrast to the dreary country within a few miles of HAVERFORDWEST. Here, among extensive meadows of the richest verdure, the meandering Rheidol wantons in fantastic courses. On a gentle eminence near its banks, in the midst of the valley, appears the embowered town of LLANDBADARN-FAWR, a picturesque though deserted spot; yet once a Roman city, and afterwards the seat of an episcopacy and monastery, established by St. Padarn or Paternus in the beginning of the sixth century. The church is yet a handsome building. Between this town and the sea-coast is a small ancient fortification, consisting of a separate area, surrounded by a wall, with a tower at one of the angles. A range of wild hills, backed by the stupendous PLINLIMMON, forms the opposite boundary of this valley; and, at its termination on the sea-coast, the town of Aberystwith appears on the brink of the sea, with its ruined castle, on a gentle rise, to the 1., the Rheidol flowing on the r.: this approach is very striking.

After quitting Aberaeron, Mr. Warner's leading object was KILGERRAN CASTLE. A dull unvaried country led him for 16 miles to the village of Blaenporth, where he quitted the Cardigan road and turned to the 1., through a broad vale watered by the Teifi. The little village of Lluryd was before him, containing an immense manufacture of tin plates, the property of Sir Benjamin Hammet, whose house, called Castell Malkwn, is contiguous.

After passing a high hill on the road to CARDIGAN, a pleasing prospect of the sea is presented, with a retrospect along the coast of Cardigan-bay, as far as Aberystwith. From another eminence is a second view of the bay, till the inn of Llangronog, half way from Aberaeron to Cardigan, is attained. This district is generally cultivated and enclosed. Two miles further is the British encampment, called Castell-'n'dolig, the embankments of which are broken up in several places, and the area intersected by turf encloThe turnpike-road passes along one side. Another smaller encampment, Crug-coe, occurs close to the road, whence is a view of the sea. Near Cardigan a pleasing prospect is presented of the fertile vale of the Teifi. At the entrance to the town is the county gaol.-Lipscomb.

sures.

Mr. Malkin, Mr. Cumberland, and other writers, are of opinion that the banks of rivers afford the most picturesque scenery, and the most fertile ground. On this plan of perambulation continue with the river on the 1. for 24 m.; reach the tributary Mydyr; cross to Llanwchaiaron church, a modern structure delightfully situated, and erected at the joint expense of the parishioners and Col. Lewis. It consists of a nave, chancel, and tower, stuccoed on the outside. In the parish of Llanwch-aëron is a farm called Castell Cevndû (the back of the black castle).

About am. further, in a well-wooded district, is Llan Aëron, the elegant seat of Col. Lewis, formerly the residence of the Parrys. A subsequent proprietor, descended from Cadwgan Grâch, of Carog, was remarkable for his affability and liberality. Pass on the borders of Ciliau-Park. Just across the river, at the confluence of a brook, is Ty-glyn, or Tyglyn-isâv, (to distinguish it from Tyglyn-uchâv,) an ancient seat of the family of the Joneses, the last of whom, Henry, left a daughter and heiress, Susanna, who married Alban Thomas, Esq., of Newcastle Emlyn. After passing the park, Ciliau-aëron lies on the r. The living is a rectory. A road 2 m. s.w. leads to the village of Dihewyd, or Llanwydalus, sometimes called Dichwood. 4 m. from Aberaeron is a cross road over Pont-newydd to Tymawr and Cilcennyn, 11 m. to the 1. Walking down from the top of Tri-crug-aëron in this parish to Talsarn, a Cardiganshire poet penned the following felicitous lines :

"Sweet Aëron's vale, unknown in song,

Demands the warbling lyre:
Shall silver Aëron glide along,

And not a bard inspire?

What bard that Aëron sees can fail
To sing the charms of Aëron vale?

"There golden treasures swell the plains,
And herds and flocks are there;
And there the god of plenty reigns
Triumphant all the year;

The nymphs are gay, the swains are hale :
Such blessings dwell in Aëron's vale.

"While every toast through Albion vies,
In dubious competition;

And female charms contend the prize
Of beauty's high ambition;
Sweet Aeron's beauties must prevail,
For angels dwell in Aëron's vale."

Tri-crûg is so named from the three tumuli upon its summit. Besides commanding a charming view of the vale, this eminence affords great extent of vision. Plas-Cilcennyn was formerly the residence of Harry

The

Vaughan, Esq., sheriff for the county during the reign of Cromwell. 51 m. on the 1. is Green Grove, in a well-wooded situation, once the property of the Lloyds, now of the Vaughans of Ty-llwyd. One m. further pass through Llanfihangel Ystrad, the principal village in a large parish extending from the vale of Aëron almost to the Teifi. In the s. part of it is an ancient intrenchment, near Crybyn. At Maes-y-mynach near a valley called Cwm-mynach, is an old stone covered with knots and circles. The church of Ystrad is an ancient building, consisting of a nave and s. aisle, separated by five square pillars, supporting four pointed arches. There are some black stone monuments, which memorialise the names of Jane Evans, John Richard, and the Hon. Lady Dorothy, dowager viscountess Lisburne. Ystrad House is neat. For nearly the 2 last m. we have left the Aëron on the 1.; but in order to return to it pass m. onwards to Llwyd-siac, or jack, thence to Llanllyr. Perhaps this cannot be effected till the tourist, having crossed a brook at the former place, turns to the 1. over a circuitous road by the King's-head, near Velindre. Llwyd-siac was formerly the residence of the Lloyds, as its name indicates, but is now almost in ruins. The estate devolved to counsellor Touchett. Llanllear is a venerably secluded spot, shaded by lofty ash trees, and watered by a streamlet which falls into the Aëron. It was once a Cistercian nunnery, a cell to StrataFlorida-Abbey. From this place cross the river to the village of Talsarn or Tal-y-sarn, (the end of the causeway). Take a road to the r. which continues not far distant from the river. The village of Trefilan lies nearly 1 m. to the N. on the road from Lampeter to Aberystwith. old church dedicated to St. Hilary, and formed upon the model of those built about the time of King Stephen, was taken down in May 1806, on the site of which a small structure was erected. Continue on the banks of the Aëron for 2 m., leaving Nantgwnlle, or Nantgunllo, to the 1. Near Havod is an old intrenchment, called Pen-y-gaer. 14 m. further is a house called Cilpyll, where a brook is crossed which rises near Pencraig, and falls near this place into the Aëron. Proceed 2 m. to Llangeitho, the head quarters of the Methodists of this district, and beautifully situated. The village is sheltered nearly on all sides by hills clothed with wood, or ornamented with the richest verdure, except where the eye is refreshed by the enchanting vale of Aëron. The church, dedicated to Ceitho, Rev. Dr. Edwards, vicar, stands upon a delightful rural spot, detached from the town by the Aëron. It appears to have been once a place of some consequence, but has of late gone much to decay. The living is a rectory in the gift of the freeholders of the parish. A double screen separates the chancel from the body of the church, exhibiting a curious specimen of laborious but elegant gothic workmanship. Each division consists of three ornamental arches, in the spandrils of which birds and beasts are grotesquely introduced. On the N. side of the chancel is a flat mural slab to the memory of Daniel Rowland, father of the Rev. Daniel Rowland, who was rector of this place and a popular preacher. He was considered a Calvinistic Methodist, but taught particular tenets, and founded a distinct sect, denominated Rowlandists, after his name. The bishop, in consequence of this conduct, censured him, and he was suspended from his office. then collected his adherents, and they agreed to build a very large meetinghouse in the centre of the village. His sister retained her church opinions. He was author of a volume of sermons, and translated some publications into the Welsh language, for the use of his congregation. He died October 10th, 1790, aged 77, and was interred in the churchyard. Continue along the E. bank of the Aëron, to Rhyd-y-pandy, leaving Llanbadarn

He

Odwyn on the r. This church is situated upon a very high, cold, and bleak eminence, commanding a fine prospect of the fertile vale of Aëron. The name indicates its patron saint to be St. Padarn or Patrick. Odwynne, (very white) seems to be descriptively applied, as it may be seen for some miles on every side. Higher than these places there appears no beaten track. This river takes its rise in Llyn-aeddwen. This lake contains abundance of eels, and a trout called Ingoch, or "red-bellied.” The Aëron, between 6 and 7 m. in extent, forms, during the whole of its course, nearly the arc of a circle. Between the rivers Aëron and Teifi are eighteen brooks and rivulets, all communicating with the salt water, and like them abounding with salmon, salmon-trout, sewin, &c. Fish up the stream of Aëron. The common road deviates to the E. falling into another which passes from the s. to the N.

To Aberystwith, 18 miles. Barber; Wyndham; | To Cardigan, 22 miles. Warner; Wyndham's Skrine. 2d tour; Lipscomb.

ABERGAVENNY, anciently Burgevenny, Monmouthshire (the Gobanium of the Romans) is a town of considerable extent, delightfully situated upon rising ground, between the conflux of the Gavenny and the Usk, at the foot of the Derri, one of the confederated hills sustaining the towering cone of the Sugar-Loaf. This town and its environs have strong claims on the traveller's attention. The castle and delightful terrace, overlooking the rich vale of Usk; a church abounding in costly sculptured tombs; towering and variegated mountains, studded with beautiful villas, the bases surrounded with lofty oaks and elms, all conspire to render this place eminently attractive. The lofty summit of the Sugar-Loaf, the rugged eminence of the Skyrridfawr and the Blorenge, should none of them be unvisited. In 1801 this town contained 2573 inhabitants; 1831, 3940. Tuesday is the marketday; and, owing to its contiguity with the iron works of Blaenavon, Garndyris, and Llanelly, it carries on a considerable trade in provisions, and such articles as are of general use, not exceeded by any inland town in the principality. This town lies on the direct road from Monmouth to Brecon. The mail arrives at five in the evening, and returns at eight in the morning. Inns. The Greyhound, Angel, George, and Golden Lion.

Upon an eminence, near the s. extremity of the town, is the site of the ancient castle, which has been converted into a modern dwelling, with turrets at each angle. Its terrace, which commands a beautiful view over the vale of the Usk, is permitted to be a public promenade. The walks have been considerably improved, and many plantations of trees and shrubs added.

The town was once fortified; and not many years since many portions of the works remained, particularly Tudor's Gate the w. entrance: remarkable on account of the beautifully variegated landscape which formerly was seen through it. At present no traces of the gateway remain.

The style of building which characterises the remains of this fortress indicates its origin to have been subsequent to the Norman epoch. It was founded by Hameline Balun, or Baladun, son of Dru of Balun, a

Norman adventurer, who came with William I., and let loose the demon of war upon the unoffending Welsh. Having subdued the entire district of Overwent, he died, without issue, in 1090, bequeathing the castle to his nephew, Brian de Wallingford, or De l'Isle. It was afterwards possessed by Walter de Gloucester, by Milo his son, then by his three daughters, by Philip de Broase, and by his son William. It was subsequently taken by the Welsh, under Sytsylt ap Dyfnwald, when the garrison were made prisoners. William received it, however, again in exchange, and, inviting several Welsh chieftains to the castle, he treacherously caused them to be murdered. From the Braoses it descended to the Cantelupes, the Hastings, Valences, Herberts, Greys, Beauchamps, and Nevilles. George Neville, the fifteenth baron, was created Viscount Neville and Earl of Abergavenny in 1784: dying in 1785, he was succeeded in honours and estates by Henry Neville, the present earl. The church is a large Gothic structure, and appears to have been built in the form of a Roman cross, but has been curtailed of its transepts; at the juncture of one of which a circular arch, now filled up, bears a Norman character, and seems to have been part of the original building. Three arches, curiously dissimilar, separate the aisle from the nave. The choir remains in its antique state, with stalls formed of oak, and rudely carved. The aisles on either side are furnished with the monuments of the Herbert and other families. That which records the name of Sir Richard Herbert of Ewias, son of William, the first Earl of Pembroke, is the most striking. In a recess of the s. wall is a recumbent figure, with uplifted hands, the head resting upon a helmet; at the feet a lion, and behind are some small figures in alabaster; beneath is an alabaster monument, containing two recumbent figures. Under an arch, between the chapel and choir, are the remains of Sir Richard Herbert, of Coldbrook, and his wife. He was distinguished for his valour at the battle of Banbury, 1469. In the centre of the chapel is another of alabaster, rich with carving, to the memory of Sir William ap Thomas and Gladys, his wife, the parents of William Herbert, first Earl of Pembroke. Sir William was the son of the famous Thomas ap Gwillim; and his wife was daughter to Sir David Gam, and widow of Sir Roger Vaughan, who fell at Agincourt by the side of Henry V. On the s. side is an in-arched mural monument, surmounted by tabernacle work, bearing a recumbent stone figure, crosslegged, supposed to represent a knight. Other altar-tombs commemorate some of the families of Beauchamp and Neville. In the N. E. corner are two stone effigies, representative of Sir Andrew and Lady Powel, a collateral branch of the Herbert family. At the N. end of the choir are two female recumbent figures, rude and dilapidated, said to have been co-heiresses of Braose, Lord of Abergavenny. In the N. aisle of the choir is a small enclosure, called the Lewis Chapel, wherein is a monument formed of one piece of stone, to the memory of Dr. David Lewis. He died A. D. 1584. A colossal statue in the window of the N. aisle represents St. Christopher. The body of the church has been elegantly modernised. Before the dissolution of religious houses this structure belonged to a priory of Benedictine monks, which was founded by Hameline de Baladun, one of the Norman adventurers, who acquired Abergavenny by conquest. The Priory-House adjoins the nave of the church.

A free grammar-school was founded here by Henry VIII., and amply endowed with the revenues of forfeited monasteries, &c. At about 2 m. distance N. E. is Werndû, once a mansion of considerable magnificence; now only interesting as the spot where the prolific Herbert race first settled in Britain.