1765. Schmidt (N. E. A.), "Vom magnete," published at Hanover. 1767. Cellesius (Fabricius), De naturali electricitate . . ." A very rare work published at Lucca. 1769. Krunitz (Johann Georg), Verzeichnis der vornehmsten schriften vonder Electricitat . . ." published at Leipzig. 1771. Barletti (Carlo), "Nuove sperienze elettriche 1771. Berdoe (M.), Inquiry into the influence of the electric fluid in the structure and formation of animated beings." This curious work was published at Bath, where Mr. Berdoe's book "On the electric Fluid" was also published in 1773. 1772. Herbert (J. Edler von), Theoriæ phænomenorum. . ." also " Disserpublished at Labacii during the same tatio " aquæ 1772. Para, Cours complet. 1773. Essay on electricity Bristol." 1774. Fontana (Felice), "Descrizioni ed usi . . . dell' Aria." 1775. Detienne, Peculiar construction of conductor of electrical machine for increasing the action thereof." 1775. Jacquet de Malzet (Louis Sebastien), “Lettre. . . sur l'électrophore." 1775. Simmons (John), An essay on the cause of lightning." 1776. Changeux (P. N.), " Météorographie, ou l'art d'observer les phénomènes de l'atmosphère," published at Paris. 1776. Landriani (Marsiglio), Osservazioni sulla poca 1776. Rossler (T. F.), Progr. de luce primigenia." He says that the light before the creation of the sun, mentioned by Moses, was an electrical light. See besides "Le soleil est un aimant," by R. P. Secchi ("Le Cosmos," 453, Paris, 1854). 1776. Schinz (Salomon), Specimen phys. speciminis physici de Electricitate," published at Turici in 1777. 1777. Chigi (Aleso.), Dell' Elettricità terrestre-atmosferica dissertazione ' (Bibl. Ital. di El. e Magn., p. 30). " 1777. Gross (Johann Friedr.), Précis des poses électriques." 1777. Vairano (Josephus), Diatriba de Electricitate." 1777. Weigel (Chr. Ehrenfried), "Grundriss der reinen v. angewandt. Chemie." 1778. Chaptal (J. A. C.), Observations sur l'influence de l'air . ." (published in the Reports of the Toulouse Academy, first series). " 1778. Steavenson (Robert), Dissert. de electricitate. 1779. Lüdicke (A. F.), Comment. de attract. magnetum. 1780. Hemmer (Johann Jacob), Articles in the Commentat. Acad. TheodoroPalatine published at Mannheim. 1780. Pilatre des Rozier in the Journal de Physique, Vols. XVI and XVII. 1780. Tozzetti (Targioni), "Atti e memorie inedite 1781 Bianchi (Iso), his "Elogium on Libertus Fromondi," published at Cremona. 1781. Brisson, "Dictionnaire de Physique." 1781. Gabler (Matthias), "Theoria Magnetis." 1781. Lacépède, Essai sur l'électricité naturelle et artificielle." 1782. Le Mercure de France, No. 23, for June 1782. 1782. Sans (M. de), in the Journal de Médecine for this year. 1783. Milner (Thomas), "Exper. and Observ. in Electricity." 1785. Bruno (M. de), Recherches . . . fluide magnétique.' 1787. Crell (L. F. F.), the miscellaneous scientific articles in his Chemische Annalen, published at Helmstadt. 1787. Hoffmann (C. L.), Magnetist, published at Frankfort. 1792. Carminati (Bassiano), in Brugnatelli's Giorn. Fis. Med., II. p. 115. published at Leipzig and at Frankfort. (See his "Phénomènes du galvanisme " in the Mém. de la Société méd. d'émulation.) 1793. Hauch (Adam Wilhelm von), his articles in the Vidensk. Selsk. Skrift. Ny Samml, published at Copenhagen. 1794. Gutle (J. C.), Zaubermechanik od. Beschreibung ." published at Nürnberg. 1794. Hopf (C. G.), respond E. Eschenmayer, "Dissert. sistens. . . theoria" (Sue, Vol. I. p. 133). " 1797. Bressy (Jos.), Essai sur l'électricité de l'eau." 1798. Hoffmann (J. C.), published at Leipzig. Anweisung gute Elektrisirmaschinen .. 1798. Tingry (P. F.), two articles, 'Sur la phosphorescence des corps" and Sur la nature du fluide électrique," published in the Journal de Physique, Vol. XLVII. 1798. Walker (Ralph), A treatise on the magnet 1799. Arnim (L. A. von), Versuch einer theorie 1799. published at Halle. Proceedings of the Am. Phil. Soc.," Old Series, Vol. IV. p. 162, for An Essay tending to improve intelligible signals 1800. Hulme (N.), see his Experiments and Observations in the Philos. Trans. for 1800, Part I. p. 161, as well as Vol. IV of Reuss's 1800. Treviranus (Gottfried R.), see articles in Gilb. Annal., Vol. VII as well as in Vol. VIII. APPENDIX V MERCATOR'S PROJECTION THE JUST CLAIM OF THE ENGLISH MATHEMATICIAN, EDWARD WRIGHT MERCATOR, GERARDUS (latinized form of Gerhard Kremer), 1512-1594, a Flemish geographer and mathematician, who is mentioned at pp. 79, 508, 516 of this "Bibliographical History of Electricity and Magnetism," is reported to have invented a new method of making maps. The name of Mercator, it is said, was given to Kremer on account of the great usefulness of his reported invention to mercators or merchants. Mercator's earliest map was published in 1537. One year later appeared his Map of the World (rediscovered during 1878 in New York), and, in 1541, he introduced a terrestrial globe which was followed, ten years afterwards, by his equally well-known celestial globe. Then appeared, in 1568-1569, the first edition of his celebrated planisphere, intended for use in navigation, which is the earliest known map on what is called "Mercator's Projection," and, in later years, he brought out many other maps as well as geographical tables, etc., which are too numerous to be specified here. [See article Mercator in the Belgian "Biographie Nationale," Vol. XIV, 1897, and consult likewise "L'œuvre géographique de Mercator" by Van Ostroy, "Meyers Konversations Lexikon," 1897, Vol. XII, pp. 153-154, also "La Nouvelle Biographie Générale " de Mr. le Dr. Hoefer, Vol. XXV. p. 11.] The original constructor of the chart known as "Mercator's Projection" is, however, said to be a very able English mathematician, Edward Wright (1560-1615) who is alluded to herein at pp. 78, 79, 520, 524, 532. He was the designer of a very large sphere for Prince Henry, which showed the motion of the planets, etc., and he predicted the eclipses for a period of 17,100 years. So much has been said herein regarding different well-known maps that the following cannot but prove interesting. It is in apparently just claim on behalf of Edward Wright to the abovenamed invention, and, as stated in the volume published during 1880 by John Davis for the Hakluyt Society, the first Map of the World that was engraved in England on Wright's (Mercator's) projection is fully described by Mr. C. M. Coote in a Note at pp. 85-95 of the Davis "Voyages and Works." That map, he says, was published one year after Wright had explained the principle of the projection in his “Certain Errors." From Mr. Coote's description, the following is extracted : What appears to have escaped the notice of Hallam, and those who have attempted to describe it at various times down to our day, is, that our map is laid down upon the projection commonly known as Mercator's. So little appears to be known as to the early history of this projection, that as recently as April 16, 1878, it has been suggested by Mr. Elias F. Hall that charts upon this projection were not in general use among seamen at a period much earlier than 1630. Still more recently it has been gravely asserted that a distinguished Admiral of the American navy only knew of it as the Merchant's projection, and that he never knew that there was such a man as Mercator. In 1569 was produced at Duisbourg, Mercator's wellknown Mappemonde, and many years elapsed before it attracted the notice of other mapmakers. However interesting it may be to us as a monument of geography, it is now admitted that, as regards the projection, it is only approximately correct up to latitude 40. For the want of a demonstration of the true principles upon which such a projection was to be laid down, beyond the legend on the Mappemonde, it found but few imitators. The only three known to us are Bernardus Puteanus of Bruges in 1579, Cornelius de Jode in 1589, and Petrus Plancius in 1594. Of the first and third no examples of their maps on this projection are known to exist, these two doubtless had all the imperfections of the original Mercator. De Jode's "Speculum Orbis Terrarum" of 1589 is remarkable, as, while being on the old plane projection with the lines of latitude and longitude equidistant, there is to be seen on it a feeble attempt to divide the central meridional line according to the idea of Mercator, one of the best possible proofs how imperfectly this idea was understood by Mercator's own fellow-countrymen. About 1597 was published by Jodocus Hondius in Amsterdam, a map entitled Typus Totius Orbis Terrarum, etc., easily to be recognized by an allegorical figure, at the bottom of it, of a Christian soldier armed for the fight against all the powers of evil. This is on the true projection, known as Mercator's, but which is really that of Edward Wright. From Hondius' connection with Mercator, and whose joint portraits from the frontispiece of the well-known Atlas of the latter, it might with good reason be supposed that Hondius acquired the art of projecting this map from Mercator, yet if one thing is more certain than |