Curious Discourses (Nov. 3, 1600), quotes this 115, Piccadilly. 1687, married, in 1712, Grace Cunningham, who Hilfield, Yateley, Hants. "THE CHARITY SCHOOL STICK" (6th S. i. 172). the term "stick" as synonymous with roll, except GLUBB FAMILY (5th S. xii. 427; 6th S. i. 61).— Will F. M. or any correspondent state where in the South of Ireland persons of this name are to be met-Although unable to give instances of the use of with, or have lived? Captain A. F. Glubb, R.A., at the beginning of the century, married an Irish lady, and his son was in after years in the Waterford Militia, but they were only birds of passage in Ireland, the home of the family being in Devon. A close search by three successive generations, ex-| tending over a century, has failed to find any not nearly related to the family. Family records for nearly four hundred years show that not more than two branches ever existed at one time, one of which always became extinct. It is more than probable that this will again prove a fact in the next generation. Is it not fair to suppose that Gloub and Glubb are identical? Have not the orthography of most names undergone greater changes in the last six hundred years? In the original entry, as shown by Palgrave, the spelling varies in the same entry. Are they not sounded alike? Whether there is any relationship is another matter which the writer would like to discover, and as to which he seeks assistance. J. M. G. The following particulars of the family of Cunning "After the rebellion of 1745, in which many Scottish nobles were condemned to be beheaded, the last Earl of Glencairn fled with his three daughters, the Ladies Cunningham, to Okehampton, and there remained quietly. His eldest daughter, Lady Mary, married Mr. Luxmoore, of Okehampton (my great-grandfather), and had several sons; one of whom was the late Bishop of St. Asaph. The second daughter married a Mr. Bridgman, first Cousin to the then Earl of Bradford; and the third daughter, Lady Elizabeth, married Mr. Glubb, and must have left a numerous family, as several families in Devon and Cornwall claim descent from her. The family of Martyr is one. I enclose a photograph of the picture of the last Earl of Glencairn, my great-great-grandfather. My mother was called Mary Cunningham, after her grandmother, Lady Mary Cunningham. The Glencairns are mentioned in the Fortunes of Nigel, under the name of 'Glenvarlochides.'" The family of Cunningham must have settled in Devonshire previously to the arrival of the Earl of Glencairn, in 1745, as by the Lethbridge pedigree, a copy of which I have, John Lethbridge, born Grove Road, Holloway, N. NEVILL AND PERCY (6th S. i. 137).-Maud Percy, the wife of John, third Lord Nevill of Raby, Lord Percy, who died in 1351, and aunt of the first was the eldest of four daughters of Henry, second Earl of Northumberland (see Banks's Dormant and Extinct Baronage, art. "Percy"). Leigh, Lancashire. W. D. PINK. CARES" AND "CARESS" (6th S. i. 117).-These lines will be found in the octavo edition (the continuation) of the Penny Magazine; I quote from memory : "A word there is of plural number, Does was born on July 24, 1725, instead of 1728. Is that a misprint, or is there any foundation for the HENRI GAUSSERON. statement? Shipton's prophecy, as meaning falsified. Torquay. "THE HARROWING OF HELL" (6th S. i. 155, 266). For a grand description of this, see Piers Ploughman's Vision, pas. 18. Nicholas Udall says harrow means to "visit": "In old tyme greate was the obseruaunce of sepulchres: and that porcion of mennes groundes, whiche was especi ally appoincted for their monumentes or grauee, was not broken with any plough. Wherupon when one Vectius beyng with this poincte of religion nothing afeard, had eared vp his fathers graue, Augustus made a pleasaunt ieste of it, saiyng: Yea Marie, this is euen in verie deede to harroe and visite ones fathers monument. "ALTRUISM" (6th S. i. 117).-Meaning.-Altruism has been defined as the reverse of selfishness, but it is not the reverse of selfishness in the Christian sense-not in St. Paul's sense when he said "Rejoice with them that do rejoice "--but in the sense that by altruism a man is supposed to derive from the self-enjoyment or happiness of another man an enjoyment or happiness for himself, not equivalent to (which is Christian altruism), but identical "Yet ones again he dalied with a worde of double signifiwith, his own self-enjoyment or happiness. How cacion. For the latine verbe, colere, in one significacion this should be I pretend not to be able to explain, is to honour or to worship, and in an other significacion but, to the best of my knowledge and belief, such it is to tille or to housbande, as grounde or any other is the philosophy of the school to which C. alludes. harroe or to visite, as we saie that Christe harroed hel, sembleable thyng is housebanded. Whiche I translate to Etymology. The word owes its origin to Comte, and visited hell, when he descended doune to hel, imand the etymology is therefore French. Blunt's mediate after his passion, and pourged, scoured, or clensed Dictionary of Sects, Heresies, &c., states (s.v. thesame of soche soules as him pleased."-Apophthegmes "Positivists") "vivre pour altrui was Comte's of Erasmus, 1542, p. 265 of the Reprint (1877). motto," and I suppose the word altrui may be found in Littré's or other modern French dictionaries; it is not in older ones, such as Chambaud's. C. F. S. WARREN, M.A. [Autrui may be found, not altrui.] Let me direct the attention of C. to the Nineteenth Century for February, where, at p. 265, he will find that, in an article on "Paganism in Paris," Père Hyacinthe says: "But it is always man that adores himself. If he adores himself in the individual person, it is egotism; if he adores himself in the person of some or all of his kind, it is what is called to-day, in rather barbarous French, l'altruisme." CLARRY. Littré explains this word thus: "Terme de philosophie. Ensemble des penchants, bienveillants. L'altruisme est opposé à l'egoisme. Mot dû à A. Comte. Etym. autrui.” EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A. TEACHING BY "HISTORY IS PHILOSOPHY EXAMPLE "(6th S. i. 171).-I believe that the German Schlegel is responsible for this oftenquoted, well-sounding, unmeaning piece of absurdity. A. H. CHRISTIE. JOHN HUNTER, SURGEON, 1728-93 (6th S. i. 156). See Jesse Foot's Life of J. Hunter, London, 1794, 8vo., and Joseph Adams's Memoirs of the Life and Doctrines of late J. Hunter, Founder of the Hunterian Museum at the Royal College of Surgeons, Lond., 1816, 8vo., reprinted in 1818. By the way, the Bibliographie Biographique Universelle, by M. E. M. Oettinger (Paris, 1866, vols. imp. 8vo.), to which I am indebted for the crmation I give above, states that J. Hunter Boston. R. R. TWO VERSIONS OF A STORY: "JE SUIS NI ROY," &c. (6th S. i. 177, 202, 244).-The following extract, taken in March, 1861, from Bentley's Miscellany (probably of the same month and year), of the examples quoted in N. & Q.," to have legives two separate mottoes, which seem, from some come mixed up later : the fourteenth century flouted the admiring world, telling 'Je ne suis roi, ni prince aussi, Still haughtier was the device of Rohan Soubise:- Prince je ne daigne, R. R. LLOYD. THE PRONUNCIATION OF ANTHONY " (6th S. i. 19, 123, 264).-Are there any other words besides Thomas (and its derivatives), Anthony, and Thames, in which the h is silent after t? W. D. SWEETING. Anthony has a parallel in Theresa, which, I presume, is rightly pronounced with a silent h, but quære? BOILEAU. DISSOLUTION OF THE MONASTERIES (5th S. xii. 409; 6th S. i. 123).-Acts for the suppression of colleges, chauntries, and free chapels were passed 37 Hen. VIII. cap. iv., and 1 Edw. VI. cap. xiv. What distinctive powers did these two Acts give to the crown? If the first of these Acts gave full power for the suppression of colleges, chauntries, &c., what was the object of the second Act? C. J. E. (6th S. i, 257.) THE VIOLET IN HERALDRY (5th S. xii. 488; 6th S. i. 83, 225, 245).—I can only remember one "Nor peace nor ease the heart can know," &c., instance of the use of the violet in continental is from Mrs. Greville's A Prayer for Indifference; the heraldry. The rather singular arms of the Comte poem is given in extenso, in Elegant Extracts in Verse, de Lambel are thus blazoned: FREDK, RULE. "D'argent à un p. 480. lambel de gueules supportant un pin de sinople See "N. & Q." 3rd S. iii. 265, where the Prayer for accosté de deux tours au naturel; une bordure Indifference is compared with a passage from Abp. Leighton. ED. MARSHALL. d'azur semée de fleurs de violettes d'or." Here only the flowers are represented, without stalks or leaves. The use of the pansy, which is practically the same as the violet, is, however, more frequent, and I can supply several instances with but little research. Arg., three pansies az. (fleurs de pensée), are the arms of the French family of Babut. Arg., three pansies slipped ppr. are the arms of the family of Jaquot de Rosey. They are thus borne, as the second and third quarters, by Jaquot, Marquis d'Andelarre-Bouhier; and by the Spanish family of Ruiz de Rojas, of which a branch was also settled in the Netherlands. In both these latter cases I think there is evidence that the bearings, now certainly pansies, were originally Arg., a chev. gu. between three pansies slipped ppr., are the arms of the Barons de Leuze, in Hainault. JOHN WOODward. roses. AUTHORS OF BOOKS WANTED (6th S. i. 217, 246). In addition to what is stated by MR. WILLMOTT DIXON concerning "Love in a Balloon," I may say that when the late Mr. E. S. Dallas was editor of Once a Week, he was greatly troubled by correspondents who wrote to inquire of him where, in Once a Week, they could find the piece read by Mr. Pellew; and Mr. Dallas had to explain that it was Mr. Bellew who called the piece "Love in a Balloon," and that it originally appeared in Once a Week under the title "The Tale he told the Marines." It will be found in that periodical, No. 118, Sept. 28, 1861: and has lately been republished in a shilling book, "Once a Week Readings: containing Love in a Balloon,' and other choice pieces, &c." (Once a Week Office, 19, Tavistock Street.) It is ascribed in this book to Litchfield Moseley; but it does not appear in the volume of Penny Readings in Prose and Verse: by Litchfield Moseley, published by Warne & Co., and in its original form it was published without any signature or initials, which, I think, would not have been the case if it was written by Mark Lemon. CUTHBERT BEDE. (Chatto & Windus.) MR. GREGO is an enthusiast; and in an enthusiast we can pardon much, even an occasional abuse of adjectives, and a too sparing employment of full st p3. These volumes of caricature. To those whose knowledge of the artist on Rowlandson supply a distinct want in the literature is confined to the coarsely conceived and garishly tinted examples of his later style which sometimes appear in the windows of second-hand printsellers they will come as a pleasant surprise; to those who have no knowledge of him at all they will open a new source of gratification. But, in admitting so much, it is well to guard against misconception. To compare Rowlandson to Hogarth, as is sometimes done, is to greatly over-estimate him. He follows Hogarth in point of time, it is true, but he does not succeed him in the sense of taking his place. He is often hideously vulgar and grossly indelicate, sides of his character which are, of course, not exhibited in Mr. Grego's book; and he is comparatively destitute of satiric power and trazic invention. He has not even, like his contemporary Gillray, an energetic political hatred to animate his pencil; and his political sketches, as Mr. Grego points out, were rather the result of the demands of the market than the individual bias of the designer. But all these things reserved, there is still much that is special in his work, and something that is personal. He had an advantage which Hogarth had not enjoyed, a thorough academic training, both in England and France, and he drew the figure excellently-the female figure especially. He had a fine sense of rural landscape,-or rather of English roadside scenes, for he seldom strays from the highway; and a happy faculty for dealing effectively with groups and crowds. Finally, he had an inexhaustable fancy and an unwearied hand, with a thoroughly interested and genuine appreciation of the endless "humours of the coaching, gambling, prize-fighting, hard-drinking, plain speaking age in which he lived. He had many of its qualities himself; and one reason why he drew it so well was because he understood it experimentally, as may be gathered from the extracts from Angelo's Reminiscences, and that delightful book, the Wine and Walnuts of Pyne the water-colour painter, both of which are frequently cited in Mr. Grego's pages. These characteristics explain the career of the artist, whose carly sketches were compared to the work of Morland and Gainsborough, and won the praise of West and Reynolds, but who degenerated gradually into a popular caricaturist and a negligent draughtsman. To be studied at his best, he must be judged by the carefully finished drawings of his younger days-e.g. the famous " Vauxhall AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (6th S. i. Gardens," of 1785, or the English and French" Reviews," 157, 206, 246). — "A righteous (merciful) man," &c.. This also occurs somewhere in Thomas Fuller's Holy which were shown in the Exhibition of 1862. Those who collect his works will do well to take Mr. Grego for their "guide, philosopher and friend." He has performed a laborious task with the utmost patience and industry; and, beyond the defect indicated at the outset of this paper, we have nothing but praise for his book. The illustrations, being mostly fac-similes, give a good idea of Rowlandson's facile handling. Some of those in the "Introduction are really charming; and our only regret on this head is that it has not been found possible to give one or two examples in tint. New Poems. By John Payne. (Newman & Co.) THE subtle and harmonious melody that pervades the whole of Mr. Payne's work developes itself more fully than ever in this new volume. His acute sense of rhy th mical music makes it almost impossible for him to write discordant verse, although this very sensibility on the Inverurie and the Earldom of the Garioch. By the Rev. poet's part is apt to engender in his readers a feeling of John Davidson, D.D., Minister of Inverurie. (Edin- significance of his work in the enjoyment of its easy and sensuous pleasure that renders it possible to miss the full burgh, David Douglas; Aberdeen, A Brown.) undulating swing. No better proof of this could be found IN treating of the Garioch, Dr. Davidson is taking up a remote but historically very interesting country, and he with the concluding poem than the first poem in this book, "Tournesol," which, "Melisande," seems to give tells its chequered story simply and straightforwardly, the key-note to the whole volume. Full of delicate with the fulness which is desirable in such a record, fancies and "haunting harmonies," "Tournesol" is while it would be out of proportion in a general history really an elaborate study in alliteration, in which, neverof the kingdom. That the Garioch has been, and pro-theless, poetry is not once sacrificed to mere form. Mr. bably still is, an earldom, will very likely be news to Payne is evidently a loving student of the Elizabethan southern readers of the Minister of Inverurie's book. poets, and, if we may venture the opinion, especially of Later practice, we believe, sometimes made it into a sort Marston and Fletcher. In the "Chant Royal of the God of second title of the ancient earldom of Mar; but earlier of Love," as in many others of these poems, is to be felt use, as the public archives of Scotland testify, frequently the same healthy ring and sweetness that run through so styled the heirs of the Maormors of Mar, Earls of Mar and much of "The Faithful Shepherdess" and kindred works. Garioch. We are glad to find that Dr. Davidson has the Monk barns spirit on the subject of local versions of old historical ballads. It is pleasant to find in his pages not only the ballad on the battle of Harlaw, cited from "N. & Q." " for 1865, but also another, and perhaps earlier, version, which Dr. Davidson tells us he has himself heard sung in the Garioch. The hagiography of north-eastern Scotland offers wide scope for research, and some of the saints, incidentally mentioned as patrons of churches and chapels up and down Garioch, would equal, if not excel, in strangeness the lists which our correspondent, the Rev. F. E. Warren, has from time to time brought to our notice. The appendix contains a number of genealogical deductions of Garioch families, Keiths, Leslies, Forbeses, Gordons, &c., who were "flourishing at the period of the revolution settlement," and are "still represented." Space will not admit of our going into any details on such points, but we cannot conclude without expressing our gratification at finding in the Minister of Inverurie so loving and careful an historian of the Garioch, and of the many men who are "sleepin' soun' and in their sheen i' the howe aneath Harlaw.' Fourteen Months in Cunton. By Mrs. Gray. (Mac- THE Rivista Europea of March 16 mentions the recent publication by the Directors of the Archives for Tuscany of an interesting volume, containing several hundred Greek, Latin, and Italian documents, ranging from 1108 to 1532, bearing on the relations of the Tuscan cities with the East and with the Turks. The Rivista also states that the distinguished Sicilian orientalist and historian, Michele Amari, will shortly publish, with translation and commentary, a collection of Arabic sepulchral inscriptions found in Sicily. We observe with pleasure that the Rivista Europea singles out for favourable comment, among recent articles in "N. & Q.," Mr. Chester Waters's article on "William of Tyre" (Jan. 24), and H. C. C.'s note on "North Italian Folk-lore" (Feb. 7), which last it praises as extremely accurate. Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notice: ON all communications should be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. G. F. (Cheltenham).-1. Ewald's Guide to the Civil Ser vice, The Foreign Office and Colonial Office Lists, &c. 2. Nothing exactly similar, but the following should be consulted: Whitmore's American Genealogist, Savage's Genealogical Dictionary, Hinman's Early Puritans of Connecticut, Farmer's Genealogical Register, The New England Historic and Genealogical Register (quarterly, Boston), The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record (quarterly, New York), Hotten's Lists of Emigrants, Capt. Laurence Archer's West Indian Collections in the Dept. of MSS., Brit. Mus., &c. G. B. S. asks for the most trustworthy means of discovering exactly or approximately the number of schools and colleges in the United Kingdom, excluding national schools. LONLON, SATURDAY, APRIL 10, 1880. CONTENTS.-N° 15. 200-Early English Laws and Customs Regarding Food, 291 ፡፡ that " men collect gold, not only in lumps, but also in small fragments, with the minutest accuracy" (S. Chrysostom). The truth of this may be admitted, even if we do not quite concur in the precept of the Koran, that "the ink of the learned is more precious than the blood of martyrs." The difficulty of collecting such memorials is amusingly put by an author (Wilson) in some unpublished remarks: Every ingenious fragment is venerable to the virtuoso, and always pleasant to a curious inquisitive mind; but a collector should have the industry of Hercules, the patience of Socrates, an eye like Argus, and a purse like that of Croesus." Of course such banter is not to be accepted au pied de la lettre, and a slender modicum only of all these desiderata for a collector will still enable him to rescue from the destructive and ruthless hand of Time some wise saws, quaint conceits, and pious meditations enshrined in flyleaves. I can offer you a few examples, from my own little collection, of such literary waifs and have more important collections of the kind, will strays; and perhaps some of your readers, who in turn contribute other examples to your columns. As a rule, the majority of fly-leaf inscriptions contain no more than the name (with sometimes address and date) in the autograph of men of letters, or of otherwise distinguished individuals, whose renown has, in some cases, come down to us, in others has quite passed away. We will turn over a portfolio and cite a few of the former class. Here, on a fly-leaf, is the autograph signature and elaborately beautiful flourish of the Shakspearean, Robert Greene, appended to a Latin prayer to our Saviour, from St. Augustine's Meditations, and The genial way in which your correspondent doubtless written in the latter days of bitter repentG. W. D. has explained the attractions of book-ance of this poet, dramatist, and pamphleteer-proplate lore (ante, p. 2), is an encouragement to those bably about 1591. who collect ex-libris of other kinds, such as flyleaves and early printers' devices, to venture also on an apology for their own particular hobbies. Not that there is any rivalry between these different objects of research, for they may indeed be all of them followed up at the same time. "History is Philosophy." &c.-Verses at Winchester"Tother-um," 306-Shelley-Authors Wanted, 307. NOTES ON BOOKS:-Lee's "Church under Queen Elizabeth Mountagu's "Manchester al Mondo"-Wither's "Vox Vulgi "-Robertson's "Materials for the History of " Thomas Becket"-Smith's "William Hardwicke." Rates. FLY-LEAVES. It has now come to be admitted by bibliographers that monograms, epigraphs, mottoes, or allegorical devices, whether placed inside or outside the cover of a book, are equally to be classed, with armorial and artistic book-plates, under the designation of ex-libris. Inscriptions on fly-leaves of books have a precisely similar claim. They frequently carry with them a much higher interest than attaches to any book-plates, Largior hic campos æther vestit. You not only find in fly-leaves the real autographs -sometimes unique-of former owners of a book, but even when detached from the volume they remain the still speaking memorials of distinguished men long gathered to their rest. If it be objected that they are but scanty memorials after all, it may be answered, in the words of an ancient writer, Next, on part of the fly-leaf of the Palace of Pleasure, 1587, by William Painter, "Clarke of the Ordinance and Armorie," are written these lines:"Musick delites the eares, It merry makes the minde, It helps the brayne, it loyes the hart, The hand in which this is written is very similar |