CRIMES AGAINST PERSONS. . . I accused No. DEPARTMENTS. out of No. DEPARTMENTS. inbabitants. 1 Corse. 2,199 44 Isère. 2 Lot. 5,885 45 Rhône. 3 Ariège. 6,173 46 Vosges. 4 Pyrénées-Orientales . 6,728 47 Indre-et-Loire. 5 Haut-Rhin 7,343 48 Loire-Inférieure. 6 Lozère. 7,710 49 Aube. 7 Aveyron. 8,236 50 Vendée. 8 Ardèche. 9,474 51 Loir-et-Cher 9 Doubs. 11,560 52 Eure-et-Loire. 10 Moselle.. 12,153 53 Dordogne. 11 Hautes-Pyrénées.. 12,223 | 54 Cher.. 12 Bas-Rhin. 12,309 55 Ille-et-Vilaine. 13 Seine et-Oise. 12,477 | 56 Seine-et-Marne. 14 Hérault.. 12,814 57 Haute-Saône. 15 Basses-Alpes. 12,935 58 Lot-et Garonne. 16 Taro. 13,019 59 Pas-de-Calais, . 17 Gard, 13,115 60 Morbiban. 18 Var. 13,145 61 Gironde. 19 Drôme. 13,396 62 Meuse. 20 Bouches-du-Rhône. 13 409 63 Charente. 21. Vaucluse. 13,576 64 Nièvrc. 22 Seine, 13,945 65 Jura.. 23 Tarn-et-Garonne 14,790 66 Aisne. 24 Eure. 14,795 | 67 Haute-Marne. 25 Vienne. 15,010 | 68 Meurthe. 26 Corrèze 15,262 69 Nord. 27 Marne. 15,602 70 Allier. 28 Aude. I accused. ont of inbabitants. 48,785 18,793 18,835 19,131 19,314 19,602 20,827 21,292 21,368 21,585 21 934 22,138 22,201 22,339 22,969 23,101 23,316 24,096 24,507 24,964 25,087 26,221 26,226 26 231 26,740 26,574 26,747 27,491 28,180 28,329 28.331 28.607 28,391 28,870 29,592 29,872 31,078 32,256 32,404 33 592 33,913 35,203 37,014 . 15,647 71 Loire. 29 Haute-Loire. 16.170 | 72 Oise. . 30 Haute-Vienne. 16,256 73 Orne.. 31 Basses-Pyrénées. 16,722 74 Mayenne. Average 17,085. 75 Cotes-du-Nord 32 Pay-de-Dôme.. 17,256 76 Saône-et-Loire. 33 Hautes-Alpes. 17,488 77 Ain. 34 Calvados. 17,577 | 78 Maine-et-Loire. 35 Landes. 17,686 79 Finistère. 36 Loiret. 17,727 80 Manche. 37 Yonne. 18,006 81 Cote d'Or. 38 Cantal. 18,070 82 Indre. 39 Seine-Inférieure, 18,355 83 Somme 40 Deux-Sèvres. 18,400 84 Sarthe. 41 Haute-Garonne. 18,642 85 Ardennes. 42 Gers.. 18,612 86 Creuse. 43 Charente Inférieure. 18,712 The momber inscribed upon cach department in the annexed mop refers to the pumbers of the table subjoined, which table indicates the average proportion of crimes with the population the different degrees of shade correspond with ihe number of crimes represented. Thus in this map the department of Corsica (No. 1 ), of which the lint is the darkest, presents the maximum of crime, 1.4, one person accnsed out of every 2,199 inhabitants. The department of Creuse (No. $6.), of which the tint is the lightest, presents the minimum of críme, i.e. one person accased out of every 37,014 inbabilants. CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY. P 1 Seine.. i 2 Seine-inférieure. P 3 Seine-et-Oise .. 4 Eure-et-Loire . 5 Pas-de-Calais . P6 Aube. i -7 Calvados : 9 Moselle. i p 10 Corse : i n Vienne, 14 Bas-Rhin :: P 15 Marne. 16 Loiret. 17 Bouches-du-Rhône. P 18 Charente-Inférieure . P 19 Aisne . 20 Vaucluse. Averaye 6,031. 29 Yonne.. 31 Oise . . . 33 Meurthe : p 34 Finistère 33 Deux-Sèvres. 36 Indre-et-Loire 38 Somme.. I accused out of inhabitants 7,624 7,632 7,759 7,778 7,925 7,940 7,990 8,059 8,174 8,236 8,218 8,294 8,326 8,520 8,533 8,680 8,847 8,943 9,044 9,049 9,159 9,190 9,198 9,392 9,539 9,572 9,597 9,797 10,237 10,263 10,431 10,486 10,503 10,708 10,954 11,645 12,141 12,665 12,919 13,018 15,890 18043 20.235 $ I accused out of. No. DEPARTMENTS. inhabitants. 1,368 44 Indre. 54 Orne .. 56 Isère : 57 Maine-et-Loire .. 62 Vosges. 67 Loire-Inférieure. P 68 Haute-Marne. 6,017 . The same rule of distinction applies as in the last. In estimating the influence of instruction, Monsieur Guerry takes as the test of education, the list of those returned to the minister of war at the period of conscription, as able to read and write ; and making use of the five divisions I have mentioned, he compares the maps which paint the state of instruction with those which depict the state of crime. From this comparison we see, that while the crimes against persons are the most frequent in Corsica, the provinces of the south-east, and Alsace, where the people are well instructed, there are the fewest of those crimes in Berry, Limousin, and Brittany, where the people are most ignorant. Such is the case with respect to crimes against the person. As for crimes against property, it is almost invariably those departments that are the best informed which are the most criminal. Should M. Guerry not be altogether wrong, then, this must appear certain that if instruction do not increase crime, which may be a matter of dispute, there is no reason to believe that it diminishes it. But the fact is, that neither by the measure adopted by M. Guerry, nor by any measure that we could adopt, is there any possibility of arriving statistically at the real value of instruction. Under the denomination of persons "able to read and write," are those who read in spelling, and perpetrate an undecypherable scrawl, under the inspection of a village schoolmaster, and those who have received all the advantages of a scholastic and liberal education. “ Writing and reading," the lowest grade of acquisition to one man, the highest to another-important I admit, when possessed to a degree that affords an easy access to knowledge, almost useless when it is merely taken to describe a difficultand machinal movement of the lips and fingers-is an absurd and ridiculous definition, thus indiscriminately selected, of the mental state of a district. That province which possesses but two hundred persons able to read and write, may have twice as many of all the advantages and the feelings conferred by education spread over it-as may be found in another province containing four hundred of these readers and writers. Besides, even supposing, which we do not suppose, that a man taken from Brittany writes just as good a hand, reads with quite as much facility, as man taken from Provence, and that both these scholars can only read and a |